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Forensic Microscopy Exam
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Crime laboratory sections (10)
Criminalistics
Fingerprints
DNA
Questioned Documents
Drug analysis
Toxicology
Blood Alcohol
Medical Examiner
Crime Scene Unit
Adminstration
Forensic Microscopy
The use of various types of microscopes for examinations of physical evidence for forensic purposes
Forensics
Scientific tests used in connection w/ the detection of crime and/or used in conjunction with legal proceedings
Evidence
Anything presented in support of an assertion. May be strong or weak.
Locard’s Exchange Principle
“Every contact leaves a trace”
Microscope
An optical instrument having a magnifying lens or combination of lense for insepcting objects too small to be seen by the unaided eye
Types of Microscopes (8)
Simple lens, Compound light, Stereomicroscope, Polarized Light (CLM type), Comparison (CLM type), Confocal, Digital, Electron
Fracture matching
When an object has been torn, broken, or separated, one piece of it has the potential to match another when placed next to one another.
Physical Fit Examination
When two pieces of a material are physically fit back together using pattern of the broken edges and surface features.
Indirect physical match
Wen two pieces of material are matched using surface features such as scratches or extrusion marks
Dr Juan Vucetich
Conceived of a method of fingerprint classification
Sir Edward Henry
Fingerprint classification system
Karl Landsteiner
ABO typing system
Sir Alec Jeffries
First forensic DNA typing method, “DNA fingerprinting”
Kary Mullis
PCR, polymerase chain reaction
Goddard
Comparison Microscope
Datum
A fixed reference point for all 3D measurements (Ex. corner, post, tree)
Michel-Levy
Developed a chart that assists in the identification of birefringent materials
A fluorescing substance contains…
Fluorophores
Difference between a real image and a virtual image
Virtual Image - The observer looks at the image with a lens that produces an enlarged image
Real Image - One that could be seen on the screen— that is, projected onto the screen
Name three materials besides air that are isotropic
Gases, liquids, glass, crystals