English Constitutional Monarchy and the Enlightenment

Parliament

Group of people responsible for making laws

Restoration

When monarchy and English social traditions were brought back by Charles II

Habeas Corpus

the act that forced a king to have a reason to imprison someone

Glorious Revolution

When the people overthrew James II without the use of violence

William and Mary

Sister and brother in law to James II who took over England after her flees to France

Constitutional Monarchy

When a monarch’s power is limited by the constitution and authority is elected by parliament and government

English bill of rights

Established constitutional monarchy, limiting monarchs power and strengthening individual rights

Enlightenment

When kings/monarchs were elected by parliament based on intellect and ideas rather than lineage or divine right

Thomas Hobbes

Believed we needed a absolute monarchy to keep peace of mind, wrote the Leviathan

John Locke

Believed all people should be endowed to their own rights and if a governing official cannot protect those right they need to be removed

Voltaire

He believed that social change could be accomplished with or without a governing authority and that no one, divine or not, should be immune to reason

Rousseau

Believed in direct democracy, give some, keep some, logic towards rights for the good of the community

Montesquieu

Pioneered the idea for the separation of powers, legislative, executive, and judicial

Natural rights

Rights that are inalienable and should not be taken from any human being

Social Contract

An agreement between a group of people that explains the rights and obligations of each person agreeing to said contract