Score Builder Questions

A physical therapist treats a patient with osteoporosis for a generalized strengthening program. Based on this diagnosis, which of the following medications would MOST likely be included in the patient’s medication list?

1. Esomeprazole (Nexium)

2. Methotrexate (Rheumatrex)

3. Metformin (Riomet)

4. Ibandronate (Boniva)

Ibandronate (Boniva)

A female patient with osteopenia is placed on hormone replacement therapy by her physician. Hormone replacement therapy places the patient at GREATEST risk for which of the following conditions?

1. Aneurysm

2. DVT

3. Vertebral compression fracture

4. Colon cancer

DVT

A skilled nursing facility plans to expand a hallway to accommodate two wheelchairs passing simultaneously. In order to comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act standards, what is the required minimum width of the hallway?

1. 36 inches

2. 48 inches

3. 60 inches

4. 108 inches

60 inches

A physical therapist works on transfer training with a patient who is currently taking a calcium channel blocker medication. Which side effect is MOST likely to occur during the session secondary to the use of this medication?

1. Postural hypotension

2. Tachycardia

3. Sedation

4. Cardiac arrhythmias

Postural hypotension

After approximately 25 minutes of a 30 minute therapy session focusing on mobility and activities of daily living, a patient diagnosed with MS reports feeling extremely fatigued. The therapist promptly takes the patient’s vital signs and concludes they are unremarkable. What is the MOST appropriate therapist action?

1. Discontinue the treatment session

2. Modify the intensity of the current therapy session

3. Complete a formal reassessment of the patient

4. Contact the referring physician to discuss the patient’s condition

Discontinue the treatment session

A patient who has cerebral palsy exhibits slow, involuntary, continuous writhing movements of the upper and lower extremities. Which of the following motor impairments is MOST representative of this type of motor disturbance?

1. Spasticity

2. Ataxia

3. Hypotonia

4. Athetosis

Athetosis

A physical therapist works with a patient rehabilitating from a recent hospitalization. Which activity would be MOST likely associated with the development of syncope?

1. Transferring from a supine to sitting position

2. Riding a stationary bicycle at 50 revolutions per minute

3. Performing a leg exercise with ankle weights in supine

4. Walking at 3 miles per hour on a treadmill

Transferring from a supine to sitting position

A patient uses a fixed support strategy to control backward sway when in standing position. Which muscle would MOST likely be activated first in this scenatio?

1. Tibialis anterior

2. Gastrocnemius

3. Hamstrings

4. Paraspinals

Tibialis anterior

A physical therapist is involved in educating the family of a newborn with a brachial plexus injury sustained during the birthing process. What is the MOST appropriate activity for the family?

1. Perform full passive range of motion to the shoulder in all directions

2. Protect the shoulder during handling the caregiving

3. Perform full active range of motion to the shoulder in all directions

4. Move the upper extremity to the waiter’s tip position to avoid overstretching

Protect the shoulder during handling and caregiving

A physical therapist reviews the medical record of a patient recently involved in a motor vehicle accident. A note in the medical record indicates that the patient uses a halo-vest cervicothoracic orthosis. Use of this type of orthosis is MOST likely associated with which of the following diagnoses?

1. Spinal fracture

2. Acute myofascial pain syndrome

3. TBI

4. Herniated nucleus pulposus

Spinal fracture

A physician instructs a patient to utilize a knee derotation brace for all athletic activities. Which condition would MOST warrant the use of the derotation brace?

1. Medial meniscus repair

2. Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

3. Anterior cruciate ligament insufficiency

4. Posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Anterior cruciate ligament insufficiency

A physical therapist screens a patient for contraindications prior to applying pneumatic intermittent compression to the right lower leg. Which of the following findings would be considered an absolute contraindication?

1. Post-surgical edema

2. Congestive heart failure

3. Pitting Edema

4. Venous stasis ulcers

Congestive heart failure

A physical therapist assesses a patient’s pulse by palpating between the flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor carpi ulnaris tendons at the wrist. What is this site used to asses?

1. Radial artery

2. Ulnar artery

3. Brachial artery

4. Carotid artery

Ulnar artery

A patient being treated for shoulder impingement complains of muscle soreness in the triceps muscles for two days following a physical therapy session. Which of the following exercises would MOST likely have resulted in the stated complaint?

1. Eccentric bench press with dumbbells

2. Concentric bench press with dumbbells

3. Concentric pectoral fly with resistance bands

4. Eccentric pectoral fly with resistance bands

Eccentric bench press with dumbbells

A physical therapist in an acute care hospital performs stair training with a patient who is non-weight bearing following triple arthrodesis surgery of the ankle. After the session, the therapist observes that the dressing over the patient’s incision is becoming increasingly pink and damp. Which term BEST characterizes the description of this exudate?

1. Sanguineous

2. Serosanguineous

3. Serous

4. Seropurulent

Serosanguineous

During a treatment session, a patient makes a culturally intensive remark that the physical therapist feels is offensive. Which of the following actions is the MOST appropriate for the therapist to take?

1. Document the incident in the medical record

2. Transfer the patient to another therapist’s schedule

3. Recommend discharging the patient from PT

4. Inform the patient that the remark was offensive and continue with treatment

Inform the patient that the remark was offensive and continue with treatment

A PT makes wheelchair recommendations for a patient with a C4 complete spinal cord injury. Which wheelchair feature would be the MOST desirable for this patient?

1. Removable armrests

2. Tilt-in-space frame

3. Handrims with rim projections

4. Handheld joystick controls

Tilt-in-space frame

A PT observes a patient exercising on a treadmill while monitoring the patient’s vital signs. The patient suddenly develops shortness of breath and chest pain. After resting, the patient develops a cough that produces blood-tinged sputum in addition to their other symptoms. The patient is MOST likely experiencing with condition?

1. Unstable angina

2. Myocardial infarction

3. Pneumothorax

4. Pulmonary embolism

Pulmonary embolism

A patient status post Achilles tendon repair is examined in physical therapy. The physician referral includes a very specific post-operative protocol. Which action would be MOST appropriate if the therapist plans on deviating from the established protocol?

1. Secure the patient’s surgical report

2. Complete a thorough examination

3. Carefully document any modifications

4. Contact the referring physician

Contact the referring physician

A PT examines a patient who has been experiencing intermittent buttock and lateral thigh pain for two weeks. Presently, the patient rates the pain as a “3” on a 0-10 scale, however, indicates that the pain is a “6” or a “7” during activity or a night. Which of the following conditions is MOST consistent with this clinical presentation?

1. Sacroiliitis

2. Iliolumbar syndrome

3. Piriformis syndrome

4. Trochanteric bursitis

Trochanteric bursitis

A patient diagnosed with fibromyalgia syndrome reports difficulty with managing flare-ups of their symptoms. Which of the following interventions should the physical therapist MOST emphasize in order to address the patient’s complaint?

1. Lumbar stabilization exercises

2. Aerobic exercise

3. Instruction in pacing activities

4. General flexibility training

Instruction in pacing activities

A patient with diabetes is being treated for a wound on the plantar surface of the foot. The wound is documented as a deep ulcer with abscess. Which of the following numeric grades would the physical therapist use when grading this ulcer based on the Wagner Ulcer Grade Classification System?

1. 1

2. 2

3. 3

4. 5

3

A patient with a complete spinal cord injury has use of the wrist extensors on the right arm and use of the elbow extensors on the left arm. Sensory information is intact up to the C5 dermatome on both sides of the body. Given the information, what would be the MOST appropriate neurological level assigned to this patient’s spinal cord injury?

1. C5

2. C6

3. C7

4. C8

C5

A physical therapist observes a patient perform a sit-to-stand transfer. The patient struggles to initiate the movement of scooting forward and rising from the chair and performs all movements very slowly. Based on the patient’s impairments during the sit-to-stand transfer, which of the following structures is MOST likely damaged?

1. Cerebellum

2. Medulla oblongata

3. Hippocampus

4. Basal ganglia

Basal ganglia

A physical therapist is treating a patient with right hemiplegia using standing balance activities. The therapist works on reaching activities on level surfaces, on uneven surfaces, and by picking items up off the ground. Which practice is MOST consistent with this form of intervention?

1. Blocked practice

2. Distributed practice

3. Constant practice

4. Variable practice

Variable practice

A PT examines the posture of a patient from a lateral view using a plumb line. Which structural condition would be MOST likely to cause the plumb line to fall further posterior to the hip joint?

1. Swayback

2. Lordosis

3. Scoliosis

4. Genu recurvatum

Swayback

A PT treating a patient in an OP clinic hypothesizes that a patient may be experiencing a pulmonary embolus. What should be the MOST immediate therapist action?

1. Assess the patient’s vital signs

2. Administer nitroglycerin

3. Initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation

4. Call 911

Call 911

A PT evaluates a patient using the Modified Ashworth Scale and documents a rating of 3. Which of the following conditions would MOST likely result in a patient exhibiting a rating of 3 on this scale?

1. Cerebral palsy

2. Down syndrome

3. Duchenne muscular dystrophy

4. Guillain-Barre syndrome

Cerebral palsy

A PT evaluates a three year old child recently diagnosed with a genetic disorder. The PT plan of care includes monitoring the progression of muscle weakness, maintenance of range of motion and flexibility, and family education. Which diagnosis would MOST likely require form of intervention?

1. Down syndrome

2. Cerebral palsy

3. Duchenne muscular dystrophy

4. Osteogenesis imperfecta

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

A patient complains of pain surrounding a small incision in her abdomen. The incision was created following insertion of a feeding device earlier in the day. What was the MOST likely device used?

1. Gastric tube

2. Hickman catheter

3. Jejunostomy tube

4. Nasogastric tube

Gastric tube

A PT prepares to treat a patient using ice massage. Which condition would be considered a contraindication for the proposed intervention?

1. Peripheral vascular disease

2. Acute trauma

3. Active cancer

4. Spasticity

Peripheral vascular disease

A PT works with a patient with transfemoral amputation on controlled fall training. The patient ambulates with a single axillary crutch. What controlled falling technique is the MOST appropriate to teach the patient in an anterior loss of balance?

1. Pull the crutch close to the body to absorb the impact

2. Discard the crutch and land on slightly flexed arms

3. Turn the body to absorb the fall on the back of the trunk and legs

4. Land on the elbow and prosthesis to absorb the impact

Discard the crutch and land on slightly flexed arms

A PT is guarding a patient that is descending the stairs and is positioned in front of the patient. The patient is using a gait belt but has a loss of balance in a forward direction. What would be the MOST immediate therapist response?

1. Pull back on the gait belt and pull back on the trunk

2. Use one had to press against the patient’s chest and instruct the patient to look up and straighten the trunk

3. Use one hand to press forward against the posterior pelvis or posterior trunk while securing the gait belt

4. Pull forward on the gait belt and slowly lower the patient to sit on the step if needed

Use one hand to press back against the patient’s chest and instruct the patient to look up and straighten the trunk

A PT reviews the medical record of a patient with an arthritic condition. Which piece of information would be MOST useful to definitely diagnose rheumatoid arthritis?

1. Blood tests

2. Pain profile

3. Joint symptoms

4. Age of onset

Blood tests

A PT uses large amplitude movements in the treatment of a patient with a degenerative neurological disorder. Given the likely diagnosis, which other intervention would MOST likely be beneficial for this patient?

1. Core stabilization exercises to maintain a neutral spine

2. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation to reduce atrophy

3. Sensory integration techniques to improve attention

4. Rhythmic auditory stimulation to improve gait activities

Rhythmic auditory stimulation to improve gait activities

A PT performs prosthetic training with a patient post transfemoral amputation. What initial instruction would be the MOST appropriate when ascending the stairs?

1. Utilize the handrail to propel your legs to the next step simultaneously

2. Place your body weight on the prosthetic side and lead with you uninvolved leg

3. Place your body weight on the uninvolved side and lead with your prosthesis

4. Avoid using stairs with your prosthesis

Place your body weight on the prosthetic side and lead with your uninvolved leg

A PT assesses a patient with a traumatic brain injury using the Glasgow Coma Scale. If the therapist documents the eye opening score as a three (E3), which of the following responses was observed during this portion of the assessment?

1. Spontaneous eye opening

2. Eyes open in response to speech

3. Eyes open in response to pain

4. Eyes do not open (nil response)

Eyes open in response to speech

A PT conducts a goniometric assessment of a patient’s glenohumeral joint to differentiate this motion from full motion of the shoulder complex. Which of the following values is MOST indicative of normal passive glenohumeral abduction?

1. 60 degrees

2. 120 degrees

3. 155 degrees

4. 180 degrees

120 degrees

A PT reviews a chart prior to treating a patient in the hospital coronary care unit. A recent entry indicates that the patient is taking an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Which of the following side effects is common to ACE inhibitors and would MOST impact the therapist performing transfer training with this patient?

1. Bradycardia

2. Dehydration

3. Hypokalemia

4. Hypotension

Hypotension

A Patient status post CVA exhibits significant weakness in the affected lower extremity. When strengthening the affected abductor muscle group using irradiation, which muscle group on the unaffected lower extremity would the PT utilize to resist a maximal isometric contraction?

1. Hip flexor muscles

2. Hip extensor muscles

3. Hip abductor muscles

4. Hip lateral rotator muscles

Hip abductor muscles

A child is seen in PT after her mother expressed concern that she had a leg length discrepancy. Examination in standing reveals right shoulder elevation compared to the left, unequal spacing between the upper extremities and the trunk, and the head positioned away from the midline. Which condition is MOST consistent with the described clinical presentation?

1. Spondylolysis

2. Kyphosis

3. Spondylolisthesis

4. Scoliosis

Scoliosis

A PT treats a patient diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. Which of the following would be recommended as a primary intervention for this patient population?

1. Physical activity

2. Stretching

3. Coordination training

4. Pulmonary therapy

Physical activity

The parents of a ten-year-old patient diagnosed with Down syndrome have been advised to discourage the child’s recent interest in attempting forward rolls. What is the MOST likely rationale for the avoidance of this movement in a patient with Down Syndrome?

1. Increases the risk for hydrocephalus

2. Increases the risk for spinal cord injury

3. Increases the risk for TBI

4. Increases the risk for developmental delay

Increases the risk for spinal cord injury

A PT gathers a variety of equipment prior to administering a series of sensory tests. Which form of sensation would MOST likely be examined by utilizing a comb?

1. Graphesthesia

2. Vibration

3. Stereognosis

4. Barognosis

Stereognosis

A patient is required to wear a thumb spica splint following a traumatic fracture of the first metacarpal. Which of the following movements would the patient have the MOST difficulty performing while wearing this splint?

1. Wrist flexion

2. Forearm pronation

3. Extension of digits two through five

4. Elbow flexion

Wrist flexion

A PT observes the gait of a child with spastic cerebral palsy. The therapist notes that the child exhibits excessive lordosis during ambulation. Which of the following surgical procedures would BEST address the postural deformity?

1. Hamstrings tendon lengthening

2. Adductor longus tendon lengthening

3. Iliopsoas tendon lengthening

4. Lumbar laminectomy

Iliopsoas tendon lengthening

A PT attempts to improve a patient’s lower extremity strength. Which proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation technique would be the MOST appropriate to achieve the therapist’s goal?

1. Contract-relax

2. Repeated contractions

3. Rhythmic stabilization

4. Hold-relax

Repeated contractions

A patient reports being unable to drive due to difficulty reaching forward to grasp the steering wheel secondary to weakness, though they deny the presence of pain. Which of the following conditions would MOST likely be associated with this type of activity limitation?

1. Rotator cuff impingement

2. Peripheral nerve entrapment

3. Adhesive capsulitis

4. Cervical facet impingement

Peripheral nerve entrapment

A PT conducts an inservice on Alzheimer’s disease. Which patient profile has the GREATEST relative risk of this disease?

1. A 46 year old male

2. A 42 year old female

3. An 81 year old male

4. An 83 year old female

83 year old female

During an exercise session, a PT monitors exercise intensity with a patient post cardiac transplantation. Which method is the MOST appropriate for the therapist to use?

1. Metabolic equivalents

2. Perceived exertion scale

3. Pulmonary function tests

4. Target heart rate range

Perceived exertion scale

A PT assesses both power and strength in a 75 year old patient with sarcopenia. Which of the following exercises would BEST address the loss of power the therapist observed during the patient’s performance of functional activities?

1. Progressive walking program with light weights

2. Resistance exercises with a rapid concentric phase

3. Progression of static to dynamic balance exercises

4. Wall quats with isometric hold at 90 degrees of hip flexion

Resistance exercises with a rapid concentric phase

A PT designs an exercise program for a patient that minimizes the use of isometric work. Which medical condition would MOST necessitate the need for this type of program?

1. Anemia

2. Diabetes mellitus

3. Hemophilia

4. Hypertension

Hypertension

A patient rehabilitating from an upper extremity injury performs a latissimus pull-down exercise using a cable column machine. The physical therapist specifically instructs the patient to pull the bar down behind their head. Which of the following muscles are emphasized with this method?

1. Rhomboids and middle trapezius

2. Biceps brachii and pectoralis major

3. Teres minor and middle trapezius

4. Pectoralis major and rhomboids

Rhomboids and middle trapezius

A PT working in a high school setting has an athlete come into the treatment room complaining of a headache, fever, and a painful neck. The Therapist positions the athlete in supine and flexes the hip to 90 degrees. When the therapist attempts to extend the knee in this position, the patient complains of significant pain. Which finding is MOST consistent with this scenario?

1. Positive Kernig’s sign

2. Negative Kernig’s sign

3. Positive Brudzinski’s sign

4. Negative Brudzinski’s sign

Positive Kernig’s sign

A patient recently diagnosed with a DVT is placed on heparin. What is the PRIMARY side effect associated with heparin?

1. Hypotension

2. Depression

3. Excessive anticoagulation

4. Thrombocytopenia

Excessive anticoagulation

A PT prepared to conduct a gait assessment on a patient recently referred to physical therapy. Which variable would be MOST influential when attempting to estimate the patient’s stride length?

1. Coordination

2. Height

3. Strength

4. Weight

Height

A PT decides to perform a caudal glide hip distraction mobilization technique on a patient experiencing hip pain. Which of the following hip positions is the MOST appropriate to initially perform this technique?

1. 20 degrees of extension, 15 degrees of abduction, and full internal rotaion

2. 20 degrees of flexion, 15 degrees of abduction, and slight internal rotation

3. 30 degrees of flexion, 30 degrees of abduction, and slight external rotation

4. Neutral flexion, neutral abduction, and slight external rotation

30 degrees of flexion, 30 degrees of abduction, and slight external rotation

A patient complains of an insidious onset of heel pain that is most painful when initially weight bearing after periods of inactivity. The patient demonstrates decreased dorsiflexion and tenderness over the medial calcaneal tubercle. What is the patient’s MOST likely diagnosis?

1. Plantar fasciitis

2. Achilles tendinitis

3. Tarsal tunnel syndrome

4. Calcaneal stress fracture

Plantar fasciitis

A PT completed a balance assessment on a patient recently admitted to a SNF. The therapist concludes that the patient is able to maintain their balance without support in standing, however, cannot maintain balance during weight shifting or with any form of external perturbation. What would be the MOST appropriate balance grade?

1. Normal

2. Good

3. Fair

4. Poor

Fair

When observing an infant, a PT notes compensation for poor head control in sitting. Which compensatory movement strategy would typically be observed?

1. Elevation of the shoulders and hyperextension of the neck

2. Excessive scapular elevation, adduction, and downward rotation

3. Upper extremity adduction and initial rotation

4. W-sit positioning

Elevation of the shoulders and hyperextension of the neck

A PT treats a patient with cardiac pathology. The patient explains that there are times that they wake up during the night with the feeling of suffocation, which is only relieved by sitting upright or standing for approximately 20-30 minutes. This scenario is MOST likely associated with which of the following conditions?

1. Myocardial infarction

2. Left-sided heart failure

3. Right-sided heart failure

4. Tetralogy of Fallot

Left-sided heart failure

A PT observes that a patient’s toes on the right foot often catch on the ground during the swing phase of gait. Which objective finding would be the MOST likely to contribute to this gait deviation?

1. Hamstring strength 3-/5 (fair minus)

2. Plantar flexion range of motion: 10 degrees

3. Leg length discrepancy: left leg ½ longer

4. Modified Ashworth Scale: 2/4 for anterior tibialis

Hamstring strength: 3-/5 (fair minus)

A patient rehabilitating from a radial head fracture performs progressive resistive exercises designed to strengthen the forearm supinators. Which muscle would be of particular importance to achieve the desired outcome?

1. Brachialis

2. Brachioradialis

3. Biceps brachii

4. Anconeus

Biceps brachii

A patient presents with Poor Plus (2+/5) strength of the right lower extremity and Good Plus (4+/5) strength of the right upper extremity. Sensory loss is also noted to be greater in the right lower extremity than the right upper extremity and the patient is demonstrating abulic aphasia. Occlusion of which of the following arteries is the MOST likely cause of the patient’s impairments?

1. Middle cerebral

2. Vertebral-basilar

3. Posterior cerebral

4. Anterior cerebral

Anterior cerebral

The results of the jaw jerk reflex suggest that a patient may have an upper motor neuron lesion. Based on the testing procedure, which finding would BEST support the stated hypothesis?

1. The mandible moves upward

2. The mandible moves downward

3. The mandible moves laterally

4. The mandible remains in the testing position

The mandible moves upward

A PT reads in the medical record that a wound resulting from venous insufficiency was classified as “Black” using the Red-Yellow-Black system. Given the wound’s classification, which of the following interventions would be the MOST appropriate?

1. Protect the wound with a transparent film dressing

2. Use negative pressure wound therapy on the wound

3. Debride the wound with forceps

4. Avoid intervening the wound is classified as “Yellow”

Debride the wound with forceps

A patient with acute back pain is given a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation unit to use at home. The PT provides detailed instructions on the care and use of the unit. Which of the following activities is NOT the responsibility of the patient?

1. Modulate the current intensity

2. Application of new electrodes

3. Change the battery

4. Alter the pulse rate and width

Alter the pulse rate and width

A PT prepares to measure the blood pressure of a patient with suspected hypertension. Which action by the patient would be unnecessary when conducting the measurement?

1. Avoid caffeine for 30 minutes before the measurement

2. Sit with the arm resting on a table during the measurement

3. Sit quietly for five minutes before the measurement

4. Avoid eating for one hour before the measurement

Avoid eating for one hour before the measurement

The medical record indicates that a patient being treated for a low back strain is taking Lasix for the management of heart failure. During ambulation activities, the patient complains of lightheadedness, fatigue, and weakness. The therapist measures the patient’s vital signs and identifies an irregular pulse. What is the MOST likely explanation?

1. Dehydration

2. Angina

3. Hypernatremia

4. Renal failure

Dehydration

A PT attempts to obtain the body temperature of a patient receiving oxygen by mask. Which method would be the LEAST appropriate to obtain the desired measurement?

1. Tympanic membrane temperature

2. Temporal artery temperature

3. Oral temperature

4. Axillary temperature

Oral temperature

A patient sustains a deep laceration on the anterior surface of the forearm. The PT attempts to stop the bleeding by applying direct pressure over the wound but is unsuccessful. The MOST appropriate action is for the therapist to attempt to apply compression of the pressure point of which of the following arteries?

1. Brachial

2. Femoral

3. Radial

4. Ulnar

Brachial

A PT analyzes the gait of a child with spastic diplegia cerebral palsy in the school setting. Based on this diagnosis, which muscle group is MOST likely to be shortened?

1. Hip adductors

2. Knee extensors

3. Hip abductors

4. Ankle dorsiflexors

Hip adductors

A 68-year-old patient is seen by a PT after being diagnosed with primary osteoarthritis. The associated articular changes are MOST likely attributed to which of the following factors?

1. Age-related changes

2. Trauma from previous injuries

3. Congenital bony abnormalities

4. Underlying inflammatory processes

Age-related changes

A PT determines through examination that a patient exhibits Poor (2/5) strength of the adductor pollicis and a positive Froment’s sign. The therapist should MOST expect a palsy involving which of the following nerves?

1. Median

2. Anterior interosseous

3. Ulnar

4. Posterior interosseus

Ulnar

A PT administers the Modified Ashworth Scale to a patient with a suspected neurological injury. What is the MOST accurate description of the starting position when testing the elbow flexors?

1. Full extension of the elbow

2. 45 degrees of elbow flexion

3. 90 degrees of elbow flexion

4. 145 degrees of elbow flexion

145 degrees of elbow flexion

A PT measures passive forearm pronation and concludes that the results are within normal limits. Which measurement would be classified as within normal limits?

1. 60 degrees

2. 80 degrees

3. 100 degrees

4. 120 degrees

80 degrees

A patient who sustained a CVA four weeks ago is beginning to show the ability to produce movement patterns outside of limb synergies. According to Brunnstrom, this patient is in which stage of recovery?

1. Two

2. Three

3. Four

4. Six

Four

A PT discusses common cognitive and behavioral changes associated with stroke with family members of a patient with right hemisphere damage and resultant left hemiplegia. Which term does NOT accurately describe the typical patient presentation?

1. poor judgement

2. impulsive

3. quick

4. overly cautious

Overly cautious

A PT notes a decrease in passive ROM in a patient’s affected shoulder as compared to their unaffected shoulder. Which of the following would provide the physical therapist with the MOST valuable information to determine the cause of this discrepancy?

1. Manual muscle testing

2. Joint mobility

3. Sensory testing

4. Active range of motion

Joint mobility

A PT reviews the medical record of a patient diagnosed with a lower motor neuron disorder. Which finding would be LEAST likely based on the presented information?

1. Diminished deep tendon reflexes

2. Clonus

3. Hypotonia

4. Fasciculations

Clonus

Before beginning to train for a wheelchair racing event, a 40 y/o patient with complete C7 tetraplegia undergoes a graded exercise test using an upper body ergometer. In the absence of cardiac pathology, which value represents the MOST likely maximum heart rate?

1. 60 bpm

2. 80 bpm

3. 120 bpm

4. 190 bpm

120 bpm

A PT works with a patient six weeks following total hip arthroplasty (posterolateral approach). The patient’s medical history includes Graves’ disease. Which intervention should the therapist avoid when treating the patient?

1. Supine resisted hip external rotation

2. Standing hip abduction with an ankle weight

3. Stair training

4. Ambulation in a warm therapy pool

Ambulation in a warm therapy pool

A patient reports to PT one week status post transtibial amputation. Which sleeping position would be the MOST appropriate to prevent a knee and hip contracture?

1. Supine with a pillow placed under the knees

2. Sidelying on the side of the residual limb with a pillow between the legs

3. Prone lying without the use of any pillows

4. Sidelying on the non-amputated side without a pillow between the legs

Prone lying without the use of any pillows

A PT checks the water temperature of the hot pack machine after several patients report heat being very strong. Which of the following temperatures would be acceptable?

1. 64 degrees Celsius (147 F)

2. 71 degrees Celsius (160 F)

3. 83 degrees Celsius (181 F)

4. 94 degrees Celsius (201 F)

71 degrees C (160 F)

A K2 level ambulator with a unilateral transfemoral prosthesis is learning to ambulate up a steep incline (20 degrees). What technique is the MOST appropriate to navigate steep inclinations?

1. Lead with the prosthetic limb and ambulate with a reciprocal gait pattern

2. Lead with the contralateral limb and ambulate with a reciprocal gait pattern

3. Lead with the prosthetic limb and ambulate with a step-to gait pattern

4. Lead with the contralateral limb and ambulate with a step-to gait pattern

Lead with the contralateral limb and ambulate with a step-to gait pattern

A PT assesses a patient with suspected unilateral hearing loss using the Rinne test. With the tuning fork on the patient's skull, the patient reports that the sound disappears after 15 seconds. Assuming the patient’s sense of hearing is normal, how long should the patient hear the sound when the tuning fork is later places next to the ear?

1. 15 seconds

2. 30 seconds

3. 45 seconds

4. 60 seconds

30 seconds

A patient post cardiac surgery is monitored using an arterial line. The PRIMARY purpose of an arterial line is to monitor which of the following measures?

1. Right atrial pressure

2. Heart rate and oxygen saturation

3. Pulmonary artery pressure

4. Blood pressure

Blood pressure

Following an acute myocardial infarction, a patient continue to experience frequent arrhythmias. A PT should recognize an abnormality in which of the following lab values as being the MOST likely to contribute to the arrhythmias?

1. Potassium

2. Hemoglobin

3. Hematocrit

4. Platelet count

Potassium

A PT assesses the saccadic movements of a patient with a mild TBI and notes that the patient has difficulty shifting their gaze laterally, though the other movements occur normally. Which cranial nerve is MOST likely impaired?

1. CN II

2. CN III

3. CN IV

4. CN VI

CN VI

A patient presents with marked weakness during resisted testing of right shoulder extension and medial (internal) rotation. Which of the following nerve lesions would MOST likely produce the described impairments?

1. Thoracodorsal nerve

2. Suprascapular nerve

3. Spinal accessory nerve

4. Axillary nerve

Thoracodorsal nerve

A PT works with a patient with C7 tetraplegia on transferring from a manual wheelchair to a mat table with a sliding board. According to the head-hips relationship principle, which direction should the patient move their head to initiate the transfer?

1. Down and away from the mat

2. Up and towards the mat

3. Down and towards the mat

4. Up and away from the mat

Down and away from the mat

A medical record of a patient diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease indicated that the patient’s current condition is consistent with chronic respiratory acidosis. Which testing procedure was MOST likely used to diagnose respiratory acidosis?

1. Arterial blood gas analysis

2. Pulmonary function testing

3. Graded exercise testing

4. Pulse oximetry

Arterial blood gas analysis

A PT examines a child with spastic quadriplegia cerebral palsy in the school setting. Based on this diagnosis, which muscle is MOST likely to be shortened?

1. Flexor digitorum profundus

2. Triceps

3. Gluteus minimus

4. Tibialis anterior

Flexor digitorum profundus

A PT examines a patient diagnosed with cerebellar degeneration. Which of the following clinical findings should the therapist LEAST expect to be associated with this condition?

1. Athetosis

2. Dysmetria

3. Nystagmus

4. Dysdiadochokinesia

Athetosis

A PT records the end-feel associated with forearm supination as firm in the medical record. Which of the following is NOT consistent with an end-feel categorized as firm?

1. Muscular stretch

2. Capsular stretch

3. Soft tissue approximation

4. Ligamentous stretch

Soft tissue approximation

A patient with Alzheimer’s disease is referred to physical therapy for instruction in an exercise program. Which of the following steps should the PT perform first?

1. Provide verbal and written instructions

2. Frequently repeat multiple step directions

3. Assess the patient’s cognitive status

4. Avoid using medical terminology

Assess the patient’s cognitive status

A patient is examined in PT for complaints of right elbow pain. When asked to indicate the location of their pain, the patient points to both the anterior and lateral elbow. The therapist decides to perform a special test to differentiate between lateral epicondylitis and distal biceps tendonitis. Which of the following special tests would be the MOST useful?

1. Cozen’s test

2. Pinch grip test

3. Elbow flexion test

4. Bunnel-Littler test

Cozen’s test

A PT observes a patient complete hip abduction and adduction exercises in standing. Which axis of movement is utilized with these particular motions?

1. Frontal

2. Vertical

3. Anterior-posterior

4. Longitudinal

Anterior-posterior

A PT uses the Gross Motor Function Classification System as part of an assessment on a seven-year-old child. When reviewing collected data from the child’s initial examination, which impairment would be MOST likely?

1. Diminished deep tendon reflexes

2. Diminished oxygen saturation rate

3. Lower extremity spasticity

4. Upper extremity sensory deficits

Lower extremity spasticity

A PT evaluates a pediatric patient using the Modified Ashworth Scale. Which condition would LEAST benefit from the use of this tool?

1. Hypotonia

2. Hyperreflexia

3. Spasticity

4. Rigidity

Hypotonia