Chapter 8 Solid, Liquid and Intermolecular force

noble gases

The are the only atomic solids known to form.

Capillary action

is the spontaneous rising of a liquid through a narrow tube, against the force of gravity.

momentary distortion

It arises from a(n) of the electron cloud, with the creation of a very weak dipole.

crystal

The is one giant molecule.

sodium cation

Each is surrounded by six chloride anions, and each chloride anion is surrounded by six .

Ion

- Induced Dipole and Dipole- Induced Dipole Intermolecular Forces, These types of attraction occur when the charge on a(n) or a dipole distorts the electron cloud of a nonpolar molecule and induces a temporary dipole in the nonpolar molecule.

network solids

In covalent , covalent bonds join atoms together in the crystal lattice, which is quite large.

Crystalline solids

display a very regular ordering of the particles in a three- dimensional structure called the crystal lattice.

NaCl

and other salts are examples of ionic solids.

Intermolecular forces

are attractive or repulsive forces between molecules, caused by partial charges.

Hydrogen bonding

is a special type of dipole- dipole attraction in which a hydrogen atom is polar- covalently bonded to one of the following extremely electronegative elements: N, O, or F ..

metallic bonding

In , the electrons of the atoms are delocalized and are free to move throughout the entire solid.

Amorphous solids

lack extensive ordering of the particles.