Lab Safety

Lab Safety for Cpt. Frye

what is the most important rule to remember in a chemistry lab?

safety first: be cautious, pay attention, and follow both written and verbal directions

what are the general lab safety rules?

do not enter lab without qualified adult or teacher present, wear safety goggles (or glasses) at all times—even during cleanup, and wear ur lab coat or apron and gloves when instructed. also, dress appropriately, no sandals, open-toed shoes, loose clothing, dangling/excessive jewelry, and tie long hair back.

should you eat/drink in the lab?

no. wash your hands after too.

how should you keep your lab area?

clean and organized. put your coat/backpack under your seat or in a designated place.

what should you do if you or another person is injured?

notify the teacher immediately. do not run/throw things in the lab.

how should you leave your lab area at the end?

the way you found it, with clean instruments and glassware.

how shoudl you discard any waste

only authorized household chemicals and solutions and water can go down the sink. otherwise, do not let it go down the drain. use proper waste containers.

where should solid waste be discared?

solid waste container

where should broken class be discarded

in a broken glass collecter; never put it in the regular trash

where should chemical waste in the form of a liquid or solution be discarded

appropriately labelled waste bottle or be neutralized when appropriate

should you mix waste?

no

what can go into garbage cans

regular waste

what are the steps for working with chemicals

1. read every label twice to make sure it is correct

2. do not conduct unauthorized experiments

3. do not take reagent bottles away from their places. carry liquids to your bench is clean test tubes/beakers. carry solids in clean glassware or weighing paper

4. take only the amount of reagent indicated. larger amounts will not be more effective and may lead to uncontrollable reactions (plus its wasteful)

5. never return unused chemicals to stock bottles. dispose of them properly

6. never use the same pipette for different chemicals. do not insert your pipette or dropper into the reagent bottles. use the one that is labelled for that reagent

7. if an acid is diluted, pour acid slowly into the water with constant stirring to minimize spattering and disperse heat. never add water directly to acid

if accidents happen, what should you do

tell the teacher

what is eye wash?

used if a chemical spills or splashes into your eye. immediately rinse your eye for a minimum of 15 minutes straight

what are thermal tongs/mitts

use these to handle hot equipment such as beakers and flasks. hot glass looks the same as cold glass

what is a fire extinguisher

used to put out electrical, chemical, or gas fires. to use, remember the acronym PASS (pull, aim, squeeze, sweep).

what is a fire blanket

used to smother a fire on a person or small surfaces. if a person is on fire, wrap them in the blanket and have them stop, drop, and roll

what is a safety shower

use only if a chemical is spilled directly on clothes or skin. before entering, remove all contaminated clothing, rinse yourself for a minimum of 15 minutes

what shuld you do if you are working with heat

never leave a heat source unattended, never heat something in a closed container

what should you do if you are working with chemicals

dont ever taste or smell them directly (waft it to your nose with hand), and never use chemicals from an unlabelled container

what should you do when working with electricity

ensure that cords are not frayed/damaged and keep them neat so no one trips, and do not allow water to get near electrical outlets or equipment

what’s a beaker

a glass cup with a spout at the top rim to make pouring liquids easy. the lines on the side indicate rough measurements (usually mL). not exact and should only be using for approximations or volume

what’s an erlenmeyer flask

it is like a beaker but narrower at the top. it makes it easier to place a stopper in it so you can save contents. measurements approximated to nearest milliliter

what are volumetric flasks

flasks that are rounded at the bottom and have a long, skinny neck. used for more precise volume. only have one mark for a very specific volume

what are stoppers

usually rubber tops that fit into flasks or test tubes sometimes closed at the top and have small holes that allow them to be fitted to another piece of equiment

what are test tubes

a glass tube that is rounded at the end. long, hollow finger

what are funnels

cone shaped objects with stems. used to help pour liquids or solutions from one container to another

what is filter paper

a piece of round flat paper that is used for filtering solids or precipitates to separate them from liquids or solutions. be sure to fold it in half then again then peel back one layer before fitting into a tunnel

what’s a graduated cylinder

used to measure liquids or solutions and is fairly accurate to the 0.1 place

what’s the meniscus

the curved surface of the liquid, read the bottom of this when measuring a liquid or solution

what’s a pipette

a long thin tube with a suction attached. allows you to draw up the correct amount of liquid, check the measurement on the side and then transfer it

what burette stand

long thin pipe with a valve and stopcock at the end. held in place by ring stand with burette clamp. precise calculations, 0.01 place

bunsen burner

heating things. open flame fed by gas line via rubber tubing.

ring stand

circle of metal attached to a stand that can hold beakers or flasks up when supported by a wire gauze or clay triangle

hot plate

heating things with no open flame. adjust with dial

electronic balance

measure mass of a substance. read # on digital display.

double fan balance

compare mass of two diff substances. first must know mass of one substance, then even them out

weighing boat/paper

used to hold substance to be massed. get mass of boat first then subtract.

scoopulas and spatulas

small metal or plastic surged tools used to help transfer solid substances from one container to another

mortar and pestle

used to grind larger pieces into powder. mortar is bowl pestle is grinder tool

thermometer

measuring temp in usually C