Endocrine System - Glands and Hormones

Quite literally the same thing that Friem had posted, but its free and it has the locations of the anatomy that we need to know

pineal gland

time keeper and regulator of day/night cycle

melatonin

sleep inducing hormone, may also contribute to fertility

posterior pituitary

store and release ACTH, ADH, and Oxytocin

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

stimulates adrenal cortex to release glucocorticoids (cortisol)

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

produced by posterior lobe of pituitary gland. targets kidneys for water conservation. inhibits urine production. altered by alcohol

oxytocin

a hormone released by the posterior pituitary that stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and sexual relations, and milk ejection during breastfeeding

anterior pituitary

stimulates the development of gametes in men and women

follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

stimulates the secretion of ovarian sex hormones, development of ovarian follicles, and sperm production

prolactin

promotes milk secretion

growth hormone (GH)

influences growth of skeletal muscles and long bones. can be used as a “steroid”

thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

stimulates thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones

thyroid

regulates metabolism

thyroxine

controls rate of metabolism/oxidation of glucose and all chemical reactions

calcitonin

hormone that the thyroid gland makes and releases to help regulate calcium levels in your blood by decreasing it

thymus

gland in thoracic cavity above the heart where T lymphocytes mature

thymosin

stimulates the maturation of lymphocytes into T cells of the immune system

adrenal cortex (outer adrenal gland)

outer section of each adrenal gland, secretes sex hormones

aldosterone

“salt-retaining hormone” which promotes the retention of nat by the kidneys. Nat retention promotes water retention, which promotes a higher blood volume and pressure

cortisol

stress hormone released by the adrenal cortex, alters immune response, digestive system, and reproductive system

adrenal medulla (inner adrenal gland)

middle portion of adrenal glands, secretes norepinephrine

epinephrine (adrenaline)

fight or flight response, can be used to treat anaphylaxis

pancreas

produced digestive enzymes and secrete insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream and help regulate blood glucose levels

ovaries

female gonad

estrogen

helps develop second characteristics and mature female reproductive organs

progesterone

acts with estrogen to bring out the menstrual cycle assist in implanting the embryo

testes

male gonads

testosterone

both males and females have it, it’s just more present in males. stimulates the growth of males sex organs in the fetus and the development of the male sex characteristics during puberty and sperm production

parathyroid

ridges piggy back on thyroid gland

parathyroid hormone (PTH)

peptide hormone that increase blood calcium concentrations by removing CA from the bones, imbalances can lead to kidney stones

placenta

a structure that allows an embryo to be nourished with mothers blood supply, is responsible for multiple pregnancy hormones

human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)

stimulates corpus luteum to produce estrogen and progesterone…the pregnancy hormone. detected in pregnancy tests

placental lactogen (hPL)

preps breasts for lactation, antagonist of insulin. makes sure baby gets enough glucose, minerals, and protein

relaxin

the hormone that creates the flexibility in the pubic symphysis and ligaments during pregnancy and birth

pineal gland

name this part

posterior pituitary

name the purple region

anterior pituitary

name the orange region

thyroid

name the part

thymus

name the part

pancreas

name this part

testes

name this part

ovaries

name this part

adrenal medulla

name the inner part

adrenal cortex

name the outer part

parathyroid

name this part (horseback ridges)

placenta

name this part