Studied by 67 people
What is the respiratory system responsible for?
Taking in oxygen from the environment and releasing carbon dioxide
What are the structures of the respiratory system?
mouth, nose, nostrils, throat, larynx, thracea, bronchi, bronchiole, right lung, and left lung
What does the nose do?
Let in oxygen and let out co2
What is the larnyx?
voice box
what is the trachea?
windpipe
What is is the bronchioles?
Extension of the bronchi
What are alveoli?
sacs at the end of each bronchoiles
What is. the function of the respiratory system?
-exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide.
to maintain pH in the blood oxygen passes from the alveoli into the blood the air will flow into your lungs
What disease affect the respiratory system?
Asthma, Bronchitis, Pneumonia, Allergies (The passage way is narrow)
What is the Cardiovascular system made of?
the heart, blood vessel, and the blood
What are the four chamber?
Right Atrium, Left Atrium, Right Ventricle, and Left Ventricle
What is the Septum?
Separates the right and left chambers
What are the blood vessels?
Veins, Arteries, and capillaries
What are veins?
they take blood to the heart
the blood is deoxygenated
What are arteries?
they take blood away from the heart
the blood is oxygenated
What are capillaries?
they connect veins and arteries
What is the function of the Cardiovascular system?
blood carries oxygen and nutrients to cells and carbon dioxide and waste away from the cells.
Regulate B/P, Maintain body temp, Fight infection, Transport Hormones
What is the contraction of the heart?
Systole (lub) sound
What is the relaxation of the heart?
Diastole (dub) sound
What is the is the mitral valve closing?
when the heart contraction
When is the semilunar valve closing?
when diastole relax
What is the blood flow throught the heart?
Superior Venna Cava to the Inferior Venna Cava to the Right Atrium to the Tricuspid Valve to the Right Ventricle to the Pulmonary Semilunar Valve to the Pulmonary Artery to the Left Atrium to the Mitral Valve to the Left Ventricle to the Aortic Valve to the Aorta
What does the Digestive System consist of?
Mouth, Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestines, Large Intestines, Rectum
What organs are included in the Large intestine?
cecum and colon
What does the large intestine do?
absorb water and electrolytes
What is gastric acid?
kill bacteria and activate protein
What is Gastrin?
hormone produced in the stomach and stimulates acid
what is chloecystokininn (CCK)
produced in the small intestine, stimulates the release of enzymes from at pancreas and bile from liver
What is Secretin?
produced in the small intestine, stimulates production of bicarbonate by the pancreas
what is Insulin?
Produced in the pancreas to help regulate blood sugar levels
What is glucogon?
produced in the pancreas to regulate glucose
what is Bile?
produced in the liver, stored in the gallbladder, breaks down fat in the small intestine
What are the two parts of the nervous system?
Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous system
What is the Central Nervous System?
consist of the brain and spinal cord. This is where all communication and action occur
What is the Peripheral Nervous System?
Nerves that break off from the spinal cord and supply the body with nerves.
What does the peripheral nervous system do?
sends signals to targeted locations from the brain
What does a neuron consist of ?
cell body, dendrites, and organelles
What is a dendrites?
Generate electrical Impulses and short
What is an Axon?
long extension that transmit signals to other neurons
What is sensory afferent?
sends the message to the central nervous system
What motor efferent?
neurons send message to the muscle
What is Myelin Sheath?
covers the axon increases the speed of impulses
Automatic Nervous System
involuntary actions.
Heart Rate
Digestion
Somatice nervous system
voluntary action
What is the responsibility of the Muscle Tissue?
movement of the body
How many muscles are in the body ?
700 and they make up 1/2 of our body weight
What controls out muscles?
Nerves
they originate in the brain the to the spinal cord, then to the axon, then to the muscle nerve, then to the muscle fiber
What is the skeletal muscle?
is is attached to the bones and responsible for movement
What is the cardiac muscle?
It is found in the heart and pumps blood throughout the body
Is skeletal muscle voluntary or involuntary?
voluntary
Is cardiac muscle voluntary or involuntary?
involuntary
what is the smooth muscle?
found in organs and vessel walls
stomach, small intestine, blood vessel (weakest of all )
Is smooth muscle voluntary or involuntary?
involuntary
What are testies?
oval shaped organs the produce sperm and testosterone
What is the epididymis?
long coiled tube that stores and transports sperm
What is the vas deferens?
long this tube that carries sperm from epididymis to semi vesicle
what is the prostate?
round gland that produces fluid that helps transport sperm
what is semi vesicil?
sac like structure that produce fluid to nourish sperm
what is the penis?
long organ that carries out urine and sperm
What are ovaries ?
oval shaped, produce eggs and horomones
What are the fallopian tubes?
long thin tube that carries the egg from the ovary to the uterus
What is an uterus?
pear shaped and protects the fetus
what is the vagina?
long canal that carries blood, muscoal tissue from the uterus during a period. passageway for intercourse and sperm, and birth canal.
what is a vulva?
external labia, clitoris, uretha
What is FHS?
Stimulating growth for eggs
What does Estrogen do?
regulates menstrual cycle
What does testosterone check?
production of sperm
What is the integumentary system made of?
skin, nails, hair, and sweat glands
Skin Fun fact
it is the largest organ in the body
What is the Epidermis?
otter layer of the skin
what does the epidermis do?
protect from infection
What is the dermis?
where the blood vessels hair follicles, and sweat glads are
What is the subcutaneous/ hypodermis layer?
the inner layer fat
What are the layers of the skin?
layer 1 - epidermis
layer 2- dermis
layer 3- subcutaneous / hypodermis
What is the function of the integumentary system?
protect, regulate body temperature, and sensations
What is the function of the endocrine system?
Hormones help regulate growth and development, regulate metabolism, help with reproduction, and help fight infection
what is the pituitary gland?
master gland
what is the thyroid gland?
produce thyroxine and calcatonin
What is calcitonin?
regulate calcium
What is thyroxine?
regulate metabolism
what does the pituitary gland produce?
growth hormone prolactin
What does the parathyroid gland produce?
parathyroid hormone (PTH) , regulate calcium in the blood
What does the thymus gland produce?
produces thymosin, helps develop immune system
wha does the adrenal gland produce?
produce epinephrine, regulate fight or flight
what does the pancreas produce?
insulin and glucagon, regulate blood sugar levels
what does the ovaries produce?
estrogen and progesterone, regulate periods
What does the testies produce?
testosterone, regulate the development of male reproduction
what does the urinary system consist of?
kidneys, renal cortex, renal medulla, urters, bladder, and uretha
What do the kidneys do?
filter out blood
what is the renal cortex?
renal pryamid and blood vessels
what does the renal medulla do?
Concentrate the urine
what does the ureters do?
tube that carries urine to the bladder
what does the bladder do?
store urine
what is the uretha?
tube that releases the urine
what is the function of the urinary system?
to get rid of waste and maintain balance
What is innate defense?
first line of defense
what is inflammatory response?
blood vessels dilate, white blood cells and fluid are sent to the targeted area
what is a histamines ?
increase in blood flow to the area and the number of white blood cells are called phagocytes
what are phagocytes?
they destroy unknown bacteria
what is adaptive system?
second line of defense
Note
Flashcard