Lithium in Bipolar Disorder: Treatment, Monitoring, and Patient Education

What is the primary treatment approach for Bipolar Disorder?

A lifetime regimen of medications, specifically psychopharmacology.

What type of medication is Lithium classified as?

An antimanic medication.

What is the response rate of Lithium in acute mania?

70-80%.

What is the mechanism of action of Lithium?

Its mechanism is unknown but thought to hasten the destruction of catecholamines, inhibit neurotransmitter release, and decrease postsynaptic receptor sensitivity.

How long does it take for Lithium to peak in regular forms?

30 minutes to 4 hours.

What are the contraindications for Lithium use?

Compromised renal function, urinary retention, low-sodium diets, brain or cardiovascular disease.

What is the maintenance level range for Lithium?

0.5 - 1 mEq/L.

What is essential for patients taking Lithium?

Education about the disorder, medication management, and the need for adequate water intake (approximately 2L/day).

What signs and symptoms indicate Lithium toxicity?

Reduced coordination, drowsiness, slurred speech, and muscle weakness.

What should patients do if they experience symptoms like diarrhea or fever while on Lithium?

Contact their medical provider.

What should patients and families be educated about regarding Lithium?

The need for adequate salt intake, fluid intake, signs of toxicity, and the importance of seeking medical attention.

What behavioral aspects should be monitored in patients with Bipolar Disorder?

Risk-taking behaviors and impulsiveness.

What is a key evaluation aspect in Bipolar Disorder treatment?

Comparison of mood and affect between the start of treatment and the present.

Why is adherence to the treatment regimen important?

It is crucial for achieving specific treatment goals and developing new coping methods.

What role does periodic blood work play in Lithium treatment?

It helps in monitoring medication levels and managing side effects.

What should patients be taught about managing their Bipolar Disorder?

Ways to manage the disorder, including recognizing signs of relapse and when to seek treatment.