Joints and Muscles

What type of joint has little to no movement with no space between bones?

Fibrous

Sutures are what type of STRUCTURAL joint?

Fibrous

Teeth are what type of STRUCTURAL joint?

Fibrous

The distal joint between the tibia and fibula is what type of joint?

Fibrous

Joints with hyaline cartilage and fibrocartilage between the bones with limited movement are...

Cartilaginous

What STRUCTURAL type of joint is the pubic symphysis?

Cartilaginous

What STRUCTURAL type of joint are the intervertebral joints?

Cartilaginous

What STRUCTURAL joint is the shoulder?

Synovial

Joints that allow no movement are functionally called

Synarthroses

Joints allowing limited movement are functionally called

Amphiarthroses

Joints that allow a large range of movement are functionally called

Diarthroses

The pubic symphysis is what type of functional joint?

Amphiarthrosis

A fibrous sac filled with synovial fluid is a

Bursa

What form the knee joint?

Condyles on the femur and tibia and facets on the patella

ACL stands for

Anterior Cruciate Ligament

What does the ACL prevent?

Hyperextension of the knee and anterior displacement of the tibia

PCL stands for

Posterior Cruciate Ligament

What does the PCL prevent?

Posterior displacement of the tibia

Fibular collateral ligament

Lateral meniscus

Tibial Collateral Ligament

Medial meniscus

Anterior Cruciate Ligament

Posterior Cruciate Ligament

Muscles are attached to bones through structures called

Tendons

The sliding of one bone surface across the surface of another is...

Gliding

What type of movement alters the angle between bones?

Angular

Sticking out your jaw is an example of what type of movement?

Protraction

Pulling your jaw in is an example of what type of movement?

Retraction

What type of movement decreases the angle between two bones, usually in the sagittal plane?

Flexion

What type of movement increases the angle between two bones, usually in the sagittal plane?

Extension

What type of movement increases the angle between bones beyond the anatomical position in the sagittal plane?

Hyperextension

Movement of a body part away from the midline along the frontal plane is...

Abduction

Movement of a body part toward the midline along the frontal plane is...

Adduction

Movement of a distal body part in a circular motion is...

Circumduction

Circular movement of a bone along its longitudinal axis is

Rotation

Pulling your arm or leg back past your side is

Hyperextension

Raising your arm forward along the sagittal plane is

Flexion

Bending the lower half of your leg back at the knee along the sagittal plane is

Flexion

Palms facing up (like holding a cup of soup) is

Supination

Palms down or lying face down is

Pronation

Movement of the sole of the foot toward midline is

Inversion

Movement of the sole of the foot away from midline is

Eversion

What movement allows the thumb to touch other fingertips?

Opposition

The movement of the thumb back to anatomical position would be...

Reposition

Shrugging your shoulders is

Elevation

Opposite of shrugging your shoulders is

Depression

Pointing your toes downward is described as which type of movement?

Plantar flexion

Raising your toes and ankle toward your knee would be

Dorsiflexion

Your chin touching your chest would be

Flexion

Bringing the back of your head backward would be

Extension

What are the 6 types of synovial joints?

-Plane

-Hinge

-Pivot

-Condylar

-Saddle

-Ball and socket

A joint that exhibits movement in 2 planes is...

Biaxial

A joint that exhibits movement in 1 plane is...

Monoaxial

A joint that exhibits movement in multiple planes is...

Multiaxial

The elbow joint is what type of synovial joint

Hinge

The shoulder joint is what type of synovial joint

Ball and socket

The metacarpophalangeal joint (knuckles) is what type of synovial joint?

Condylar

The intercarpal joint is what type of synovial joint?

Plane

What type of movement does a pivot joint allow?

Rotation

What type of movement does a ball and socket joint allow?

All angular movements and rotation

What type of movement does a saddle joint allow?

All angular movements

What type of movement does a condylar joint allow?

All angular movements

What type of movement does a hinge joint allow?

Flexion and extension

What type of movement does a plane joint allow?

Back-and-forth and side-to-side gliding

Which joint is multiaxial?

Ball and socket

Pivot and hinge joints are... (axial)

Monoaxial

Masseter origin

Zygomatic arch

Buccinator origin

alveolar processes of maxilla and mandible

sternocleidomastoid origin

sternum and clavicle

pectoralis major origin

Clavicle/rib cartilages

latissimus dorsi origin

Vertebrae

Rectus abdominis origin

pubic symphysis and superior pubis

Deltoid origin

Acromion process and scapular spine

Trapezius origin

Occipital bone/spinous process of C7-T4

Biceps brachii origin

Coronoid process of scapula/margin of glenoid cavity

Triceps brachii origin

Glenoid margin and shoulder capsule/humerus

Rectus femoris origin

ilium and acetabulum

Biceps femoris origin

ischial tuberosity and linea aspera

Gastrocnemius origin

Femur

gastrocnemius insertion

calcaneus

Biceps femoris insertion

head of fibula

Rectus femoris insertion

tibial tuberosity and patella

Triceps brachii insertion

olecranon process of ulna

Biceps brachii insertion

radial tuberosity

Trapezius insertion

Scapular spine and lateral part of clavicle

Deltoid insertion

deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Rectus abdominis insertion

xiphoid process

latissimus dorsi insertion

intertubercular sulcus of humerus

pectoralis major insertion

intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Sternocleidomastoid insertion

mastoid process

Buccinator insertion

Orbicularis oris/ cheeks, and lips

Masseter insertion

mandibular ramus and angle

Triceps brachii action

Extends forearm

Rectus femoris action

Extends knee

Biceps femoris action

Flexes knee

Biceps brachii action

Aids in forearm flexion and supinates forearm

Rectus abdominis action

compresses and flexes abdomen

Buccinator action

compresses cheeks (blowing)

Trapezius action

Elevates, depresses, and rotates scapula