Psychosocial Theory of Development by Erik Erikson

Psychosocial Theory of Development

Social interactions in various stages of lifespan play an important role in the development of each person.

epigenetic principle

personality develops in a predetermined order and builds upon each previous stage. During these stages, the person experience a psychosocial crisis which could have a positive or negative outcome

trust vs mistrust stage

if needs are dependably met, infants develop a sense of trust if not then they will develop mistrust

Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt stage

toddlers learn to exercise will and do things for themselves or they doubt their abilities

Initiative vs Guilt stage

Preschoolers learn to initiate tasks and carry out plans, or they will feel guilty about efforts to be independent

Industry vs Inferiority stage

children learn the pleasure of applying themselves to task or theyll inferior

Identity vs Role Confusion stage

teenagers work at refining a sense of self by testing roles and then integrating them to form a single identity or they become confuse

Intimacy vs Isolation stage

Young adults struggle to form close relationships and to gain capacity for intimate love and socially isolated

generativity vs stagnation stage

the middle aged discover a sense of contributing to the world, usually through family and work or they may lackk purpose. Failure to be successful in this stage will result in a person uninvolved in the world without care

Intergrity vs Despair stage

when reflecting on his or her life the older adult may feel sense of satisfaction or failure

Hope

Trust vs Mistrust stage virtue:

will

Autonomy vs shame and Doubt stage virtues:

purpose

Initiative vs guilt stage virtue:

Competency

Industry vs inferiority stage virtues:

Fidelity

Identity vs Role Confusion stage virtue:

Love

Intimacy vs Isolation stage virtue:

care

Generativity vs Stagnation stage virtue:

wisdom

Integrity vs Despair stage virtue:

Withdrawal and Sensory Distortion

Trust vs Mistrust Core pathology:

Compulsion and Impulsivity

Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt Core Pathology:

Inhibition

Initiative vs Guilt Core Pathology:

Inertia

Industry vs Inferiority Core Pathology:

Repudiation, Diffidence, Defiance

Identity vs Role Confusion Core Pathology

Repudiation

reject or denying roles and values

Defiance

Rebelling against authority because of lack of identity

Exclusivity

defensive withdrawal from emotional connections with others, often due to fear of vulnerability, rejection, or failure.

Exclusivity

Intimacy vs Isolation core pathology:

Rejectivity

Generativity vs Stagnation Core Pathology:

Rejectivity

unwillingness to take care other people

Compulsion

excessive need for control and perfection.

IMpulsivity

arises when autonomy is overemphasized without proper guidance, leading to the inability to regulate their actions or behaviors without self control.

Inertia

sense of stagnation and feeling of inadequacy unwilling to take initiative and try new things because of the fear of failure and belief that it wont matter due to inferiority

Inhibition

fear of expressing one self

withdrawal

refers to a retreat from the world due to feelings of insecurity, fear, or mistrust.

Sensory distortion

occurs when an infant is overly indulged or shielded from reality, leading to an exaggerated or unrealistic perception of the world.

disdain

Integrity vs Despair Core Pathology:

disdain

feeling of being finished, confused and helpless

Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt

Jane, a preschooler, insists on dressing herself each morning for school, even though she generally selects mismatching outfits, misses buttons, and wears her shoes on the wrong feet. When her mother tries to dress Jane or fix her outfit, Jane brushes her mother off and insists on doing it herself. What stage of psychosocial development best describes Jane's behavior?

Conflict/psychological crisis

At each stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, people experience a(n) _________ that serves as a turning point.

Inferiority/inertia

Eight-year old Steven has a difficult time making friends at school. He has trouble completing his schoolwork accurately and on time, and as a result, receives little positive feedback from his teacher and parents. According to Erikson's theory, failure at this stage of development results in _____________?