Origin, insertion, innveration, and blood supply for the Unit #1 Muscles

What is the proximal attachment for the Serratus Posterior Superior

Nuchal ligament, Spinous processes of C7-T3 vertebrae

What is the Distal attachment for the Serratus Posterior Superior?

Superior borders of 2nd-4th ribs

What is the action of the Serratus Posterior Superior?

Elevate ribs (Proprioception)

What is the innervation of the Serratus Posterior Superior?

2nd-5th Intercostal nerves

What is the blood supply for the Serratus Posterior Superior?

Posterior intercostal arteries

What is the proximal attachment for the Serratus Posterior Inferior?

Spinous process of T11-L2 vertebrae

What is the distal attachment of the Serratus Posterior Inferior?

Inferior borders of 8th-12th ribs near their angles

What is the action of the Serratus Posterior Inferior?

Depress ribs (Proprioception)

What is the innervation of the Serratus Posterior Inferior?

Anterior rami to T9-T12 thoracic spinal nerves

What is the blood supply to the Serratus Posterior Inferior?

Posterior intercostal arteries

What is the proximal attachment for the External Intercostals

Inferior border of ribs

What is the distal attachment of the External Intercostals

Superior borders of rib below

What is the action of the External Intercostals?

Interosseous part: depresses ribs during active respiration

Interchondral part: elevates ribs

What is the innervation of the External Intercostals?

Intercostal nerve

What is the blood supply for the External Intercostals?

Posterior intercostal arteries, anterior intercostal branches of internal thoracic artery, musculophrenic artery

What is the proximal attachment for the Innermost Intercostals?

Inferior border of ribs

What is the distal attachment of the Innermost Intercostals?

Superior border of rib below

What is the action of the Innermost Intercostals?

Interosseous part: depresses ribs during active respiration

Interchondral part: elevates ribs

What is the innervation of the Innermost Intercostals?

Intercostal nerve

What is the blood supply of the Innermost Intercostals?

Anterior and posterior intercostal arteries, internal thoracic artery, musculophrenic artery

What is the proximal attachment of the Subcostal?

Internal surface of lower ribs near their anglesW

What is the distal attachment of the Subcostal?

Superior borders of 2nd or 3rd ribs below

What is the action of the Subcostal?

Interosseous part: depresses ribs during active respiration.

Interchondral part: elevates ribs

What is the innervation of the subcostal?

intercostal nerve

What is the blood supply of the subcostal?

Posterior intercostal artery, musculophrenic artery

What is the proximal attachment of the internal intercostals?

inferior border of ribs

What is the distal attachment of the internal intercostals?

Superior borders of rib below

What is the action of the Internal Intercostal?

Interosseous part: depresses ribs during active respiration

Interchondral part: elevates ribs

What is the innervation of the Internal Intercostals?

Intercostal nerve

What is the blood supply for the Internal Intercostals?

Anterior and posterior intercostal arteries, internal thoracic artery, musculophrenic

What is the proximal attachment of the Transversus Thoracis?

Posterior surface of lower sternumWhat

What is the distal attachment for the Transversus Thoracis?

Internal surface of costal cartilages

What is the action of the Transversus Thoracis?

weakly depresses ribs

What is the innervation of the Transversus Thoracis?

Intercostal nerve

What is the blood supply for the Transversus Thoracis?

Anterior intercostal arteries, internal thoracic artery

What is is the proximal attachment of the Levator Costarum?

Transverse processes of C7-T11

What is the distal attachment of the Levator Costarum?

Sub adjacent ribs between tubercle and angle

What is the action of the Levator Costarum?

elevate ribs

What is the innervation of the Levator Costarum?

Posterior primary rami of C8-T11W

What is the blood supply of the Levator Costarum?

Posterior intercostal arteries

What is the proximal attachment of the diaphragm?

Xiphoid process, lower 6 costal cartilages, L1-L3 vertebraes

What is the distal attachment of the diaphragm?

Converge into central tendon

What is the action of the diaphragm?

Draws central tendon down during inspirationWh

What is the innervation of the diaphragm?

Phrenic nerveW

What is the blood supply of the diaphragm?

Musculophrenic artery, superior and inferior phrenic arteries

What is the proximal attachment of the Trapezius?

Medial third of superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae

What is the distal attachment of the Trapezius?

Lateral third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

What is the action of the Trapezius?

Descending part: elevates

ascending part: depress

Middle part: retracts scapula

Descending & ascending act together to rotate glenoid cavity superiorly

What is the innervation of the Trapezius?

Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI), and C3, C4 spinal nerves

What is the blood supply of the Trapezius?

Transverse cervical artery, dorsal perforating branches of posterior intercostal arteries

What is the proximal attachment of the Latissimus Dorsi?

Spinous process of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inferior 3 or 4 ribs

What is the distal attachment of the Latissimus Dorsi?

floor of intertubercular groove of humerus

What is the action of the Latissimus Dorsi?

Extends, adducts and medially rotates humerus. Raises body towards arms while climbing

What is the innervation of the Latissimus Dorsi?

Thoracodorsal nerve

What is the blood supply for the Latissimus Dorsi?

Thoracodorsal artery

What is the proximal attachment of the Rhomboid Major?

Spinous process of T2-T5 vertebrae

What is the distal attachment of the Rhomboid Major?

medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle

What is the action of the Rhomboid Major?

Retract scapula and rotate its glenoid cavity inferiorly, fix scapula to thoracic wall

What is the innervation of the Rhomboid Major?

Dorsal scapular nerve

What is the blood supply for the Rhomboid Major?

Dorsal scapular artery

What is the proximal attachment of the Rhomboid Minor?

Nuchal ligament, spinous process of C7 and T1 vertebrae

What is the distal attachment of the Rhomboid Minor?

Smooth triangular area at medial end of scapular spine

What is the action of the Rhomboid Minor?

Retract scapula and rotate its glenoid cavity inferiorly, fix scapula to thoracic wall

What is the innervation of the Rhomboid Minor?

Dorsal scapular nerve

What is the blood supply for the Rhomboid Minor?

Dorsal scapular artery

What is the proximal attachment of the Levator Scapulae?

Posterior tubercles of transverse process of C1-C4 vertebrae

What is the distal attachment of the Levator Scapulae?

Medial border of scapula superior to root of scapular spine

What is the action of the Levator Scapulae?

elevates scapula and rotates its glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula

What is the innervation of the Levator Scapulae?

Dorsal scapular and cervical nerves

What is the blood supply of the Levator Scapulae?

Dorsal scapular artery

What is the proximal attachment of the Splenius Capitis?

Nuchal ligament and spinous process of C7-T6 vertebrae

What is the distal attachment of the Splenius Capitis?

Mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral third of superior nuchal line of occipital bone

What is the action of the Splenius Capitis?

Unilaterally: laterally flexes neck and rotates the head to side of active muscles.

Bilaterally: extend the head and neck

What is the innveration of the Splenius Capitis?

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

What is the blood supply of the Splenius Capitis?

Descending branch of occipital artery, deep cervical artery

What is the proximal attachment of the Splenius Cervicis?

Nuchal ligament and spinous process of C7-T6 vertebrae

What is the distal attachment of the Splenius Cervicis?

Tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C3 or C4 vertebrae

What is the action of the Splenius Cervicis?

Unilaterally: laterally flexes neck and rotates the head to side of active muscles

Bilaterally: extend the head and neck

What is the innervation of the Splenius Cervicis?

posterior rami spinal nerves

What is the blood supply of the Splenius Cervicis?

Descending branch of occipital artery, deep cervical artery

What is the proximal attachment of the Iliocostalis?

Broad tendon from posterior part of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum, Sacro-iliac ligaments, sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes, and supraspinous ligaments

What is the distal attachment of the Iliocostalis?

Angles of lower ribs and cervical transverse processes

What is the action of the Iliocostalis?

Bilaterally: extend vertebral column and head

Unilaterally: laterally flex vertebral column

What is the innervation of the Iliocostalis?

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

What is the blood supply for the Iliocostalis?

Cervical portion: occipital, deep cervical arteries

Thoracic portions: Dorsal branches of posterior intercostal, subcostal, lumbar arteries

What is the proximal attachment of the Longissimus?

Broad tendon from posterior part of iliac crest, posterior surface of scrum, Sacro-iliac ligaments, sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes, and supraspinous ligaments

What is the distal attachment of the Longissimus?

between tubercles and angles to transverse processes in thoracic and cervical regions, and to mastoid process of temporal bone

What is the action of the Longissimus?

Bilaterally: extend vertebral column and head

Unilaterally: laterally flex vertebral column

What is the innervation of the Longissimus?

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

What is the blood supply of the Longissimus?

Cervical portions: occipital, deep cervical, vertebral arteries

Thoracic portion: dorsal branches of posterior intercostal, subcostal, lumbar arteries

What is the proximal attachment of the Spinalis?

Broad tendon from posterior part of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum, sacro-iliac ligaments, sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes, and supraspinous ligaments

What is the distal attachment for the Spinalis?

Spinous processes in the upper thoracic region and to cranium

What is the action of the Spinalis?

Bilaterally: extend vertebral column and head

Unilaterally: laterally flex vertebral column

What is the innervation of the Spinalis?

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

What is the blood supply for the Spinalis?

Cervical portions: occipital, deep cervical, vertebral arteries

Thoracic portion: dorsal branches of posterior intercostal, subcostal, lumbar arteries

What is the proximal attachment for the Semispinalis Capitis and Cervicis?

Transverse processes of C4-T12 vertebrace

What is the distal attachment of the Semispinalis Capitis and Cervicis?

Occipital bone and spinous process in thoracic and cervical regions. usually jumps 4-6 segments

What is the action of the Semispinalis Capitis and Cervicis?

Extends head and thoracic and cercival regions of vertebral column and rotates them contralaterally

What is the innervation of the Semispinalis Capitis and Cervicis?

Posterior rami of spinal nerve

What is the blood supply of the Semispinalis Capitis and Cervicis?

Cervical portions: occipital, deep cervical, vertebral arteries

Thoracic portions: dorsal branches of posterior intercostal