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24 Terms
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Westminster system
A parliamentary system of government that was developed in Britain and upon in which Australia's parliamentary system is modelled
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Law
Legal rules made by a legal authority that are enforceable by the police and other agencies
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Opposition
The political party that holds the second highest
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Australian constitution
A set of ules and principles that guide the way Australia is governed. Passed by the British parliament and its formal title is "Commonwealth of Australia Constitution ACT 1900 (UK)"
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Federation of Australia
The union of sovereign states that gave up some of their powers to a central authority to form Australia.
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Sanction
A penalty imposed by court on a person guilty of a criminal offence
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Political party
An organisation that represents a group of people with shared values and ideas, which aims to have its members to be elected to parliament
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Bi-Cameral
Two houses of parliament with an upper and lower party. Commonwealth (HOR + Senate) and Victorian (Legislative council + Legislative assembly)
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Non-legal rules
Laws made by private individuals or groups in society, such as parents and schools, which are not enforceable by the courts
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Rule of law
The principle that everyone in society is bound by law and must obey the law, and that laws should be fair and clear, so people are willing and able to obey them
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Government
The ruling authority with power to govern, formed by the political party that holds the majority in the lower house in each parliament.
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Independents
Individuals who stand as candidates in an election but do not belong to a political party
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Parliament
A formal assembly of representatives of the people that is elected by the people and gathers together to make laws
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Act of Parliament
A law made by parliament; a bill that has passed through parliament and has received royal assent
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Governor
The queens representative at state level
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Governor General
The queens representative at commonwealth level
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House of Representatives
The lower house of the commonwealth Parliament
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Legislative Assembly
The lower house of state parliament
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Senate
The upper house of the commonwealth Parliament
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Social cohesion
The willingness of members of a society to cooperate with each other in order to survive and prosper
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Cabinet
The policy making body made up of the Prime minster, Premier and a range of senior minsters
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Minister
A member of Parliament who is in charge of the government department
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Court Hierarchy
The ranking of courts from highest to lowest according to the seriousness and complexity of the matters they deal with