English4AP Cumulative Vocabulary

anomaly

something that deviates from what is standard, normal, or expected

asceticism

sever self-discipline and avoidance of all forms of indulgence, typically for religious reasons

austerity

sternness or severity of manner or attitude

contemplative

expressing or involving prolonged thought

contumacious

stubbornly or willfully disobedient to authority

denizen

an inhabitant or occupant of a particular place

denude

strip (something) of its covering, possessions, or assets; make bare

destitute

without the basic necessities of life

egress

go out of or leave (a place)

enigma

a person or thing that is mysterious, puzzling, or difficult to understand

hegira

an exodus or migration

unsavory

disagreeable and unpleasant because morally disreputable

mawkish

sentimental in a feeble or sickly way

onerus

involving an amount of effort and difficulty that is oppressively burdensome

perfunctory

carried out with a minimum of effort or reflection

posit

assume as a face; put forward as a basis of argument

sonorous

(of a person's voice or other sound) imposingly deep and full

turgid

swollen and distended or congested

unencumbered

not having any burden or impediment

nexus

a connection or series of connections linking two or more things

affable

friendly, good-natured, or easy to talk to

banality

unoriginality

callow

inexperienced and immature

conjecture

an opinion or conclusion formed on the basis of incomplete information

deliverance

the action of being rescued or set free

desiccated

lacking vitality or interest

emanate

(of something abstract but perceptible) issue or spread out from (a source)

equanimity

mental calmness, composure, and evenness of temper, especially in a difficult situation

fulminate

express vehement protest

harangue

lecture (someone) at length in an aggressive and critical manner

heedless

showing a reckless lack of care or attention

outlandish

looking or sounding bizarre or unfamiliar

paucity

the presence of something only in small or insufficient quantities or amounts; scarcity

penchant

a strong or habitual liking for something or tendency to do something

purport

appear or claim to be or do something, especially falsely; profess

strident

loud and harsh; grating

subsist

maintain or support oneself, especially at a minimu level

surfeit

an excessive amount of something

unalloyed

(chiefly of emotions) complete and unreserved

validation

recognition or affirmation that a person or their feelings or opinions are valid or worthwhile

confer

grant or bestow (a title, degree, benefit, or right); have discussions; exchange opinions

reproach

address (someone) in such a way as to express disapproval or disappointment

supercilious

behaving or looking as though one thinks one is superior to others

fractious

irritable and quarrelsome

conscientious

(of a person) wishing to do what is right, especially to do one's work or duty well and thoroughly

extemporize

compose, perform, or produce something such as music or a speech without preparation; improvise

levity

humor or frivolity, especially the treatment of a serious matter with humor or in a manner lacking due respect

peremptory

(especially of a person's manner or actions) insisting on immediate attention or obedience, especially in a brusquely imperious way

sumptuous

splendid and expensive-looking

hauteur

haughtiness of manner; disdainful pride

permeate

spread throughout (something); pervade

vehemently

in a forceful, passionate, or intense manner; with great feeling

comtemptuous

scornful

credulity

a tendency to be too ready to believe that something is real or true

impetuous

acting or done quickly and without thought or care

convivial

(of an atmosphere or event) friendly, lively, and enjoyable

homogeneity

the quality or state of being all the same or all of the same kind

vinous

resembling, associated with, or fond of wine

dissension

disagreement that leads to discord

insolent

showing a rude and arrogant lack of respect

abase

to humiliate, degrade

antiquated

old, out of date

abject

wretched, pitiful

capricious

subject to whim, fickle

complacency

self-satisfied ignorance of danger

diffident

shy, modest, quiet

eschew

to shun, avoid

implicit

understood but not outwardly obvious, implied

maudlin

weakly sentimental

myriad

consisting of a very great number

noisome

unpleasant, offensive especially to the sense of smell

odious

instilling hatred or intense displeasure

placate

to ease the anger of, soothe

platitude

an uninspired remark, cliche

pretense

an appearance or action intended to deceive

refute

to prove wrong

resolute

firm, determined

surmise

to infer with little evidence

vacillate

to fluctuate, hesitate

vociferous

loud, boisterous

aberration

something that differs from the norm

admonish

to caution, criticize, reprove

ameliorate

to improve

brazen

excessively bold, brash

censure

harsh criticism

conciliatory

friendly, agreeable

denounce

to criticize publicly

egregious

outstandingly bad, shocking

exhort

to urge, prod, spur

extricate

to disentangle

fortuitous

happening by chance, often lucky or fortunate

impinge

to impact, affect, make an impression

inexorable

incapable of being persuaded or placated

largess

the generous giving of lavish gifts

nominal

trifling, insignificant

obstreperous

noisy, unruly

pernicious

extremely destructive or harmful

prudence

caution with regard to practical matters; discretion

rescind

to take back, repeal

wanton

undisciplined, lewd, lustful