Cellular Respiration

These flashcards cover key concepts of cellular respiration based on the lecture notes.

Glycolysis

The metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, occurring in the cytoplasm, resulting in a net production of 2 ATP.

Pyruvate Oxidation

The process that converts pyruvate into acetyl CoA in the mitochondrial matrix, producing NADH and releasing CO₂.

Krebs Cycle

A series of reactions in the mitochondrial matrix that convert acetyl CoA into oxaloacetate, producing 6 NADH, 2 FADH2, 2 ATP, and 4 CO₂.

Electron Transport Chain

A process occurring in the cristae of mitochondria that generates ATP through the transfer of electrons, producing approximately 34 ATP.

Aerobic Respiration

A form of cellular respiration that consumes oxygen and produces ATP, occurring in the mitochondria.

Anaerobic Respiration

A process that occurs without oxygen, resulting in fermentation pathways such as lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation.

Substrate-level phosphorylation

The production of ATP by transferring a phosphate group directly to ADP in an exergonic reaction.

NAD+

A coenzyme that serves as an electron carrier, being reduced to NADH during glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle.

ATP

A molecule that stores and provides energy for cellular processes.

Fermentation

An anaerobic process that allows for the conversion of pyruvate into other products such as lactic acid or ethanol.