Excretion

Tubules

________ secrete nitrogenous wastes and salts from the hemolymph; water follows the solutes by.

Reabsorption

________: occurs simultaneously with secretion.

Excretion

________: process by which metabolic wastes are eliminated.

Molecules

________ remaining in the plasma are selectively removed (penicillin) from the peritubular capillaries & secreted into the filtrate.

Freshwater fish

________: gain water and lose salt when ventilating gills.

Osmoconformers

________: match osmolarity of blood and other fluids to seawater at 1000 mOsm /L.

Nephrostome

________ drains the metamere just anterior to the one in which the metanephridium is located.

Saltwater fish

________: gain salts and lose water across gills.

Uric acid

________ is synthesized by the insect's tissues and released in soluble form.

Kidneys

________ produce copious dilute urine.

extracellular compartments

Animals with a closed circulatory system have two ________- interstitial fluid and blood plasma.

Osmoregulators

________: maintain constant internal salt concentrations and osmolarities.

Intracellular fluid

________: inside cell.

Interstitial compartment

________: bathing tissues & returning to blood.

Secretion

________: filtrate is passed through the renal tubule.

Animals

________ with an open circulatory system have an extracellular compartment containing hemolymph which bathes the cells.

Interior fluids

________ are filtered as they pass through the perforations in the flame bulb's cells.

Wastes

________ either diffuse out of body or are excreted into the gastrovascular cavity.

Na+ Pump

________: sodium ions are actively pumped across the membrane and Cl- follow passively by electrostatic attraction.

majority of cells

The ________ in most animals (all but sponges and cnidarians) are not exposed to the external environment, but are bathed by an extracellular fluid.

tubule

Each ________ possesses a nephrostome, collecting ________, and a nephridiopore.

Excretion

________: remaining fluids leave the nephron and pass into the renal pelvis (funnel of the ureter) and travel to bladder until released through the urethra.

uric acid

The ________ is absorbed by the Malpighian tubules and the low pH in the tubule lumen causes ________ to precipitate out as dry matter.

Animals with a closed circulatory system have two extracellular compartments

interstitial fluid and blood plasma

Saltwater fish

gain salts and lose water across gills

Freshwater fish

gain water and lose salt when ventilating gills

Specialized gill epithelial cells transport Na+ and Cl

from water into fishs capillaries

Osmoregulators

maintain constant internal salt concentrations and osmolarities

Osmoconformers

match osmolarity of blood and other fluids to seawater at 1000 mOsm/L

Excretion

process by which metabolic wastes are eliminated

Plasma compartment

blood plasma

Interstitial compartment

bathing tissues & returning to blood

Intracellular fluid

inside cell

Protonephridium

platyhelminthes & nematodes

Metanephridium

annelids

Na+, Cl

and other solutes reabsorbed                                     along tubule

Filtration

filtrate is forced out of glomerulus & received by Bowmans capsule

Reabsorption

occurs simultaneously with secretion

Secretion

filtrate is passed through the renal tubule

Excretion

remaining fluids leave the nephron and pass into the renal pelvis (funnel of the ureter) and travel to bladder until released through the urethra