Ch. 2 - Basic Chemistry

Vocabulary flashcards covering basic chemistry concepts, elements, atoms, subatomic particles, and levels of biological hierarchy based on the lecture notes.

Chemical Elements

Living organisms are composed of about 25 of these.

Chemicals

The base level of biological hierarchy.

Biological Hierarchy

A structural organization progressing from atoms to molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and organisms.

Atom

The basic unit of matter, which consists of a dense central nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons.

Neutron

A subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom with no electric charge.

Proton

A subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom with a positive electric charge.

Electron

A stable subatomic particle with a negative electric charge, found in all atoms and acting as the primary carrier of electricity in solids.

Molecule

A group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds, as shown in the biological hierarchy.

Organelle

Specialized subunits within a cell that have a specific function, positioned within the biological hierarchy.

Cell

The basic structural and functional unit of all known organisms, as part of the biological hierarchy.

Tissue

A group of similar cells from the same origin that together carry out a specific function, appearing in the biological hierarchy.

Organ

A collection of tissues joined in a structural unit to serve a common function, a level within the biological hierarchy.

Organ System

A group of major organs that work together to perform one or more functions, forming a level in the biological hierarchy.

Organism

An individual living thing complete with all its parts, representing the highest level of structural organization listed in the biological hierarchy.