EFP BULLET POINTS

Exploitative and oppressive

Characterization of the relationship between First Peoples and governments throughout history.

Indian Act (1876)

Legislation that gave the government control over Indigenous lives.

Residential Schools

Institutions aimed at forced cultural assimilation and abuse of Indigenous children.

Terra nullius

A legal term used to justify the colonization of lands claimed to be 'empty' by disregarding Indigenous sovereignty.

Blood quantum

A colonial tool used to define Indigenous identity that causes division within communities.

Intergenerational trauma

The psychological effects of earlier trauma passed down to future generations, especially seen among Indigenous communities.

Oka Crisis (1990)

A notable event of Mohawk resistance against the seizure of land in Canada.

Idle No More (2012)

A protest movement advocating for Indigenous rights and sovereignty.

Sixties Scoop

A government policy that involved the removal of Indigenous children from their families and placement into non-Indigenous homes.

Truth and Reconciliation Commission

An effort acknowledging past injustices against First Peoples in Canada.

Cultural erasure

The systematic removal of a culture's identity, traditions, and languages.

Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK)

Indigenous knowledge of land and environmental stewardship passed down through generations.

Mi'kmaq fishing rights

Ongoing legal fights in Nova Scotia advocating for Indigenous fishing rights against provincial regulations.

Environmental justice

A movement highlighting the disproportionate environmental harm faced by Indigenous communities.

Nisga’a Treaty (2000)

The first modern treaty in Canada recognizing Indigenous self-governance.

Red Power Movement

A vibrant Indigenous rights advocacy movement that emerged in the 1960s.

Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls (MMIWG)

A crisis highlighting the violence faced by Indigenous women, often rooted in systemic issues.

Allyship and solidarity

The important partnership and support of non-Indigenous individuals in the struggle for Indigenous rights.

Self-determination

The right of Indigenous peoples to govern themselves and make decisions about their own lives and lands.

Resource extraction without consent

The practice of mining or utilizing Indigenous lands without agreement from the Indigenous communities.