iPTX3 EX2 (INFECTIOUS DISEASE "BUCKETS" LIST + SPECTRUM OF ACTIVITY REVIEW FOR NOOBS)

PO Options for MRSA? (eleven)

1. Clindamycin (Cleocin)

2. TMP-SMX (Bactrim, Septra)

3. Doxycycline (Vibramycin)

4. Minocycline (Minocin)

5. Omadacycline (Nuzyra)

6. Delafloxacin (Baxdela)

7. Lefamulin (Xenleta)

8. Fosfomycin (Monurol)

9. Chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin)

10. Nitrofurantion (Macrobid)

11. Rifampin (Rifadin)

PO Options for P. aeruginosa? (four)

1. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

2. Levofloxacin (Levaquin)

3. Delafloxacin (Baxdela)

4. Fosfomycin (Monurol)

Anti-MRSA Options for IV? (twenty)

1. Clindamycin (Cleocin)

2. TMP-SMX (Bactrim)

3. Doxycycline (Vibramycin)

4. Minocycline (Minocin)

5. Eravacycline (Xerava)

6. Omadacycline (Nuzyra)

7. Tigecycline (Tyacil)

8. Rifampin (Rifadin)

9. Vancomycin (Vancocin)

10. Telavancin (Vibativ)

11. Rifampin (Rifadin)

12. Oritavancin (Orbactiv)

13. Dalbavancin (Dalvance)

14. Daptomycin (Cubicin)

15. Linezolid (Zyvox)

16. Tidezolid (Sivextro)

17. Delafloxacin (Baxdela)

18. Ceftaroline (Teflaro)

19. Lefamulin (Xenleta)

20. Chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin)

IV Options for P. aeruginosa? (twenty)

1. Piperacillin/Tazobactam (Zosyn)

2. Ceftazidime (Fortaz)

3. Cefepime (Maxipime)

4. Ceftolozane/tazobactam (Zerbaxa)

5. Ceftaxidime/avibactam (Avycaz)

6. Meropenem (Merrem)

7. Imipenem/cilastatin (Primaxin)

8. Doripenem (Doribax)

9. Meropenem/vaborbactam (Vabormere)

10. Imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam (Recarbrio)

11. Cefiderocol (Fetroja)

12. Aztreonam (Azactam)

13. Gentamicin (Garamicin)

14. Tobramycin (Nebcin)

15. Amikacin (Amikin)

16. Plazomicin (Zemdri)

17. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

18. Levofloxacin (Levaquin)

19. Delafloxacin (Baxdela)

20. Polymyxin B, E

CNS penetrating antimicrobials? (fourteen)

1. Aztreonam

2. Fluoroquinolones

3. Linezolid

4. Imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam

5. Rifamycins

6. TMP/SMX

7. Nitroimidazoles

8. Cefotaxime

9. Ceftazidime

10. Ceftriaxone

11. Carbapenems

12. Cefepime

13. Chloramphenicol

14. Cefuroxime

A FLIRT N7C -TheOnlyGoodSir

Antimicrobials eliminated via non-renal means? (fifteen)

1. Anti-staphylococcal (AKA penicillinase-resistant) penicillins

2. Fidaxomicin

3. Lefamulin

4. Macrolides

5. Polymyxin B

6. 5-nitroimidazoles

7. Rifamycins

8. Streptogramins

9. Tetracyclines

10. Ceftriaxone

11. Chloramphenicol

12. Ciprofloxacin

13. Clindamycin

14. Oritavancin

15. Oxazolidinones

A Funny Little Man Plays 5 Rough Sad Tunes (4C, 2O) -TheOnlyGoodSir

Antimicrobials eliminated both renally and non-renally? (four)

1. Delafloxacin

2. Omadacycline

3. Polymyxin E (colistin)

4. Eravacycline

DOPE -TheOnlyGoodSir

Which of the following agents is an appropriate IV choice for the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

A. Linezolid

B. Clindamycin

C. Telavancin

D. Piperacillin/Tazobactam

D. Piperacillin/Tazobactam

Which agent is effective for IV therapy of Pseudomonas?

A. Vancomycin

B. Daptomycin

C. Ceftriaxone

D. Ceftazidime

D. Ceftazidime

Select the correct IV antibiotic for serious Pseudomonas infections:

A. Linezolid

B. Clindamycin

C. Amoxicillin

D. Cefepime

D. Cefepime

Which of the following is appropriate for multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas?

A. Vancomycin

B. Daptomycin

C. Ceftolozane/Tazobactam

D. Amoxicillin/Clavulanate

C. Ceftolozane/Tazobactam

Choose an IV agent for severe Pseudomonas infections:

A. Ceftazidime/Avibactam

B. Clindamycin

C. TMP-SMX

D. Tedizolid

A. Ceftazidime/Avibactam

Appropriate IV therapy for hospital-acquired Pseudomonas infection:

A. Vancomycin

B. Meropenem

C. Amoxicillin

D. Doxycycline

B. Meropenem

T/F: All of the cephalosporins, with only cefiderocol as an exception, cover both groups A and B streptococcus.

True

T/F: *All* of the cephalosporins, with only cefiderocol as an exception, cover Streptococcus pneumoniae.

True

Agents of choice for MSSA? (two varieties of beta-lactams)

1. Penicillinase-resistant (anti-staphylococcal) penicillins (i.e. Nafcillin, Oxacillin)

2. First generation cephalosporins (Cephazolin, Cephalexin)

Spectrum of activity in mind, trying to remain as narrow as possible

What four gram-positive organisms do the first-through-third generation cephalosporins have good activity against?

1. Group A Strep.

2. Group B Strep.

3. S. pneumoniae

4. MSSA

T/F: Ceftazidime has anti-staphylococcal activity.

False

T/F: Ceftolozane/tazobactam has anti-staphylococcal activity.

False

Which of the cephalosporins can cover MRSA? (two)

1. Ceftobiprole

2. Ceftaroline

T/F: The carbapenems have anti-MRSA activity.

False; not good against MRSA.

Which of the carbapenems cover E. faecalis *well*? (select all that apply).

A. Meropenem

B. Imipenem

C. Meropenem/vaborbactam

D. Imipenem/relebactam

A. Meropenem

B. Imipenem

D. Imipenem/relebactam

*Know that imipenem has better E. faecalis coverage than meropenem*

Which of the fluoroquinolones has MRSA coverage?

A. Ciprofloxacin

B. Levofloxacin

C. Moxifloxacin

D. Delafloxacin

D. Delafloxacin

T/F: All of the fluoroquinolones have activity against E. faecalis.

True

Which of the following fluoroquinolones have activity against VRE? (select all that apply)

A. Ciprofloxacin

B. Levofloxacin

C. Moxifloxacin

D. Delafloxacin

A. Ciprofloxacin

B. Levofloxacin

D. Delafloxacin

*Note: Cipro has worse coverage compared to the others*

Which of the tetracyclines *lack* Group A & B streptococcus activity? (select all that apply)

A. Doxycycline

B. Minocycline

C. Tigecycline

D. Omadacycline

E. Eravacycline

C. Tigecycline

D. Omadacycline

E. Eravacycline

Which of the tetracyclines have *good* activity against VRE? (select all that apply)

A. Doxycycline

B. Minocycline

C. Tigecycline

D. Omadacycline

E. Eravacycline

C. Tigecycline

D. Omadacycline

T/F: All of the tetracyclines are active against MRSA.

True

T/F: All of the tetracyclines have activity against S. pneumoniae.

True

T/F: Vancomycin has reliable activity against VRE.

False

Which gram-positive organisms does clindamycin have reliable activity against? (two green, two yellow)

Green:

1. S. pneumoniae

2. MSSA

Yellow:

1. Group A, Group B strep

2. MRSA

Which of the following fluoroquinolones *lacks* atypical coverage?

A. Ciprofloxacin

B. Levofloxacin

C. Moxifloxacin

D. Delafloxacin

D. Delafloxacin

T/F: None of the cephalosporins exhibit activity against atypicals.

True

T/F: All tetracyclines are active against atypicals.

True

T/F: Lefamulin, a pleuromutilin, is active against atypicals.

True

T/F: Ceftaroline covers P. aeruginosa.

False

T/F: Meropenems have no enterobacterales activity.

False (chck chck, BOOM)

These are our grenades per NinjaNerd

We use these especially in ESBL-producers.

Which of the penicillins *lack* H. influenzae activity?

A. PCN G

B. PCN VK

C. Penicillinase-resistant PCN

D. AminoPCNs

E. Pip-tazo

A. PCN G

B. PCN VK

C. Penicillinase-resistant PCN

Which of the penicillins *lack* E. faecalis activity?

A. PCN G

B. PCN VK

C. Penicillinase-resistant PCN

D. AminoPCNs

E. Pip-tazo

B. PCN VK

C. Penicillinase-resistant PCN

Which of the penicillins have reliable activity against B. fragilis?

A. PCN G

B. PCN VK

C. Penicillinase-resistant PCN

D. AminoPCNs

E. Pip-tazo

F. AminoPCN/BLI

E. Pip-tazo

F. AminoPCN/BLI

T/F: All of the carbapenems have activity against B. fragilis.

True

Gram-negative anaerobes? (four)

1. Bacteroides (i.e. B. fragilisi)

2. Prevotella (i.e. P. melaninogenica, P. bivia)

3. Fusobacterium (i.e. F. nucleatum)

4. Porphyromonas (i.e. P. gingivalis)

Gram-positive anaerobes? (five)

1. Clostridioides/Clostridium (i.e. C. difficile, C. perfringens)

2. Actinomyces (i.e. Actinomyces)

3. Peptostreptococcus

4. Finegoldia

5. Parvimonas

Preferred agents, per the Sanford Guide, for MRSA? (three)

1. Vancomycin

2. Daptomycin

3. Linezolid

Preferred agents, per the Sanford Guide, for E. faecalis? (three)

1. PCN G

2. AminoPCNs

3. Vancomycin

Preferred agents, per the Sanford Guide, for E. faecium? (one)

1. Daptomycin

Preferred agents, per the Sanford Guide, for atypicals? (four)

1. Levofloxacin

2. Moxifloxacin

3. Doxycycline

4. Minocycline

Preferred agents, per the Sanford Guide, for ESBL enterobacterales? (three)

1. Imipenem

2. Meropenem

3. Ertapenem

Preferred agents, per the Sanford Guide, for B. fragilis? (six)

1. AminoPCNs/BLI

2. Pip-tazo

3. Meropenem

4. Imipenem

5. Ertapenem

6. Metronidazole

Preferred agent, per the Sanford Guide, for VRE? (one)

1. Daptomycin

We like the lipoglyco, lipo, and glycopeptides because they have good ____________ coverage.

A. Gram positive

B. Gram negative

A. Gram positive

Preferred agents, per the Sanford Guide, for the treatment of H. influenzae? (four)

1. AminoPCN/BLIs

2. 3rd generation cephalosporins

3. Levofloxacin

4. Moxifloxacin

Preferred agents, per the Sanford Guide, for the treatment of P. aeruginosa? (six)

1. Pip-tazo

2. Ceftazidime

3. Cefepime

4. Ceftolozane/tazobactam

5. Meropenem

6. Imipenem

What does SCPCEPPEK stand for?

Serratia

P. aeruginosa

Citrobacter

Enterobacter

Proteus

Providencia

E. coli

Klebsiella

T/F: Cefepime (fourth generation cephalosporin) covers SPCEPPEK, H. influenzae, M. morganii, M. catarrhalis, and Neisseria spp.

True

T/F: Cefepime covers Bacteroides spp.

False

T/F: Cefepime has Enterococci coverage.

False

T/F: Maxipime covers L. monocytogenes.

True

What does HENPPECKSMM stand for?

H. influenzae

Enterobacter

Neisseria

Proteus

Providencia

E. coli

Citrobacter

Klebsiella

Serratia

Morganella morganii

M. catarrhalis

Which generation of cephalosporins' activity can be best described by HENPPECKSMM?

A. First generation

B. Second generation

C. Third generation

D. Fourth generation

E. Fifth generation

C. Third generation

Cephamycins include? (two, from the 2nd gen cephalosporins)

1. Cefoxitin

2. Cefotetan

T/F: Cephamycins are notable for covering anaerobes.

True

What does HNPEKM stand for?

H. influenzae

Neisseria spp.

Proteus

E. Coli

Klebsiella

Moraxella catarrhalis

Which generation of cephalosporins' activity can be best described by HNPEKM?

A. First generation

B. Second generation

C. Third generation

D. Fourth generation

E. Fifth generation

B. Second generation

Which generation of cephalosporins' activity can be best described by PEK?

A. First generation

B. Second generation

C. Third generation

D. Fourth generation

E. Fifth generation

A. First generation

T/F: Ceftobiprole (Zevtera), one of our two anti-MRSA fifth-generation cephalosporins, has a gram-negative spectrum of activity resembling that of cefepime (SPCEPPEK).

True

T/F: Ceftobiprole (Zevtera) covers P. aeruginosa.

True

T/F: Ceftolozane/Tazobactam (Zerbaxa) has unreliable coverage against ESBL-producing Enterobacterales.

False; does cover ESBL-producing Enterbacterales.

T/F: Cefiderocol (Fetroja) ONLY covers gram negative bacteria (Enterobacterales, S. maltophilia, P. aeruginosa).

True

T/F: Cefiderocol (Fetroja) covers for MDRO, including ESBL, CR, and AmpC producers.

True

T/F: Ertapenem covers for acinetobacter.

False

What do we mean when we say ertapenem has no APE?

No Acinetobacter

No P. aeruginosa

No Enterococcus (E. faecalis, E. faecium)