Studied by 1 personchemical bonds
atoms naturally linking together
octet rule
a full valence shell must contain 8 electrons to maximize stability
What does the octet rule not apply to?
transition metals, inner transition metals, and the first 4 or 5 elements in the periodic table
covalent bond
bond formed by sharing electrons; nonmetals bonding
ionic bond
the attraction between oppositely charged ions; metal bonded to nonmetals
metallic bond
an attraction between a positive metal ion and the electrons surrounding it; metals bonding
polarity
tendency of an object to form two localized regions of opposite character
electronegativity
a measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons in a chemical bond
polar covalent
unequal sharing of electrons
bonding pair
two shared electrons that make up a pair
electrostatic force
force exerted between electrical charges
The atoms of which 7 elements are not stable by themselves?
hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine
Lewis structure
two dimensional diagram that shows the bond between atoms
polyatomic ion
a covalently bonded anion
formula unit
ratio of cations to anions needed to achieve neutrality
crystal lattice
a three-dimensional geometric arrangement of particles
electron sea theory
a theory that explains how metal atoms bond together and explains why metals have such unique properties
delocalized electrons
electrons that are free to move in metals
nonmetal/nonmetal bonding
tightly shared valence electrons, covalent bonding, and low to medium bond polarity
metal/nonmetal bonding
transferred valence electrons, ionic bonding, high bond polarity
metal/metal bonding
widely shared valence electrons, metallic bonding, and n/a bond polarity
network covalent substances
atoms covalently bonded into a continuous three-dimensional network
ionic bonding properties
dense, brittle, hard solids, high melting point, and poor conductors of electricity and heat
alloys
mixture of metal's atoms with another element and has metallic properties
metals and metal alloys properties
shiny, metallic, malleable, ductile, strong
How can we use chemical bonds to solve problems?
tuberculosis medicine
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