BJU Chemistry Chapter 6
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26 Terms
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chemical bonds
atoms naturally linking together
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octet rule
a full valence shell must contain 8 electrons to maximize stability
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What does the octet rule not apply to?
transition metals, inner transition metals, and the first 4 or 5 elements in the periodic table
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covalent bond
bond formed by sharing electrons; nonmetals bonding
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ionic bond
the attraction between oppositely charged ions; metal bonded to nonmetals
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metallic bond
an attraction between a positive metal ion and the electrons surrounding it; metals bonding
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polarity
tendency of an object to form two localized regions of opposite character
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electronegativity
a measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons in a chemical bond
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polar covalent
unequal sharing of electrons
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bonding pair
two shared electrons that make up a pair
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electrostatic force
force exerted between electrical charges
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The atoms of which 7 elements are not stable by themselves?
hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine
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Lewis structure
two dimensional diagram that shows the bond between atoms
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polyatomic ion
a covalently bonded anion
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formula unit
ratio of cations to anions needed to achieve neutrality
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crystal lattice
a three-dimensional geometric arrangement of particles
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electron sea theory
a theory that explains how metal atoms bond together and explains why metals have such unique properties
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delocalized electrons
electrons that are free to move in metals
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nonmetal/nonmetal bonding
tightly shared valence electrons, covalent bonding, and low to medium bond polarity
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metal/nonmetal bonding
transferred valence electrons, ionic bonding, high bond polarity
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metal/metal bonding
widely shared valence electrons, metallic bonding, and n/a bond polarity
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network covalent substances
atoms covalently bonded into a continuous three-dimensional network
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ionic bonding properties
dense, brittle, hard solids, high melting point, and poor conductors of electricity and heat
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alloys
mixture of metal's atoms with another element and has metallic properties
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metals and metal alloys properties
shiny, metallic, malleable, ductile, strong
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How can we use chemical bonds to solve problems?
tuberculosis medicine
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Flashcards (89)