Intelligence Testing Overview ch 11

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to intelligence testing, including important theories, types of tests, historical figures, and validity issues.

Wechsler Scales

A set of intelligence tests that includes WPPSI, WISC, and WAIS, used for evaluating cognitive ability.

Stanford-Binet Test

An intelligence test that measures a range of cognitive abilities and provides a ratio IQ score.

Aptitude Tests

Examinations that assess an individual's potential for learning tasks and adapting to new situations.

Achievement Tests

Tests measuring knowledge or skills one has learned or acquired through education or experience.

Cognitive Tests

Assessments that measure cognitive abilities, including both aptitude and achievement.

Mental Age

A measure of an individual's intellectual development based on the age at which the average score is attained. number of items passed

Deviation IQ

A method of scoring that computes the IQ by comparing the test taker’s score to the mean and standard deviation of scores for their age group.

Primary Measurement Fallacy (aka jangle fallacy)

The belief that aptitude and achievement tests measure entirely different constructs, when they actually overlap significantly.

Howard Gardner

Psychologist known for proposing the theory of multiple intelligences, which includes several distinct types of intelligence. some critics would say they fall under talents

David Wechsler

Psychologist who developed several widely-used intelligence tests, including the WAIS and WISC, and defined intelligence as the ability to act purposefully, think rationally, and deal effectively with the environment.

Charles Spearman

Psychologist who developed the two-factor theory of intelligence, which includes general intelligence ('g') and specific abilities ('s').

Louis Thurstone

Psychologist who proposed the theory of primary mental abilities, disputing Spearman's emphasis on 'g', and identified 7 factors of intelligence.

Sternberg's Triarchic Theory

A theory proposing three aspects of intelligence: componential (analytical), experiential (creative), and contextual (practical).

Validity Issues in Intelligence Testing

Concerns regarding whether intelligence tests truly measure what they claim and how these measures translate to real-world performance.

Factors Affecting Intelligence

Includes socio-economic status, family size, and ethnicity, which can influence IQ test outcomes.

Correlation between Aptitude and Achievement

The relationship suggesting that aptitude tests and achievement tests measure interconnected traits, leading to questions about their distinction.

Alfred Binet

Psychologist who developed the first practical intelligence test aimed at identifying students needing educational assistance.