The Paris Peace Settlement and The Roaring Twenties

These flashcards cover key events, speeches, and social dynamics from the Paris Peace Settlement following World War I and the major developments in the Roaring Twenties, focusing on political, social, and economic aspects.

What was Woodrow Wilson's vision for peace as outlined in his 'Peace without Victory' speech?

Self-determination for all nations, freedom of the seas, and avoidance of entangling alliances.

What were Wilson's 'Fourteen Points' aimed at?

Providing a blueprint for an end to the war without territorial annexation.

What position was Wilson in during the 1919 Paris Peace Conference?

He was operating from a position of weakness due to Republican majorities in Congress and hostility from Allied leaders.

What key articles were included in Wilson's Covenant of the League of Nations?

Article 10: Pledge to respect and preserve territorial integrity; Article 16: Pledge to impose sanctions or organize military action against aggressor nations.

What were the harsh conditions imposed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles?

Reparations payments of $33 billion, loss of all colonies, revised boundaries, and a 'war guilt' clause.

What was the reaction to the Treaty of Versailles upon Wilson's return to the US?

Intense opposition from groups like the 'Irreconcilables' and 'Reservationists'.

Who were the 'Irreconcilables'?

Senators led by William Borah who opposed US membership in international organizations.

What significant event characterized the American society post-World War I?

Labor unrest, including over 3,500 industrial strikes in 1919.

What was the impact of the Red Scare in the United States?

Fear of socialist influence led to bombings, the enforcement of sedition laws, and the Sacco and Vanzetti case.

What economic trends defined the American prosperity in the 1920s?

Increased manufacturing output, technological advancements, and growth of the automobile industry.

How did the Ford Model T impact the American economy?

It revolutionized production with assembly line techniques, making cars affordable, and spurring growth in related industries.

What was the dominant ideology of the Republican Party during the 1920s?

Total removal from Woodrow Wilson's idealism and progressive reforms.

Describe Warren Harding's administration. What major issues did it face?

Characterized by corruption scandals like Teapot Dome; Harding was genial but failed to control his Cabinet.

What was Calvin Coolidge known for during his presidency?

His belief in minimal government intervention and promoting business efficiency.

What was the significance of Herbert Hoover's rise to the presidency in 1928?

He secured a massive electoral victory for the Republicans after Coolidge chose not to run.