Elements, Atoms, and Ions

Chemical Formulas

________- expresses the types of atoms and the number of each.

Atoms

________ can form ions by gaining or losing electrons.

Nonmetals

________ want to receive electrons to form negative ions called anions.

Metals

________ tend to lose one or more electrons to form positive ions called cations.

Solid carbon

Ex: ________ occurs in 3 forms- diamond, graphite, and buckminsterfullerene.

proton

A(n) ________ has the same magnitude of charge as the electron, but its charge is positive.

Compound

________- distinct substance of 2 or more elements, has the same masses of those elements.

neutron

A(n) ________ is slightly more massive than a proton, but has no charge.

Anions

________ are named using the root of the atom name followed by the suffix- ide, i.e.

Protons

________: positively charged, same size as neutron, inside nucleus.

Electrons

________ travel around the nucleus at a relatively large distance.

Pure substances

________ are either elements or combinations of elements called compounds.

high melting points

Properties: ________, conduct electricity (if melted or dissolved in water)

number of cations

The ________ and anions must be correct for their charges to equal to zero.

chemical reaction

They are not created or destroyed in a(n) ________, it simply changes the way they are grouped.

Ions

________ combine to form ionic compounds.

compound

A given ________ always contains the same mass of the elements.

Electrons

________ intermingle when atoms combine into molecules.

Atom

________ has a dense center of positive charge called the nucleus.

Atoms

________ are indivisible in chemical processes.

118 known

88 found in nature, rest in lab

Compound

distinct substance of 2 or more elements, has the same masses of those elements

Chemical Formulas

expresses the types of atoms and the number of each

Electrons

tiny, negatively charged equal to protons, outside nucleus

Protons

positively charged, same size as neutron, inside nucleus

Neutron

no charge, found in nucleus

Periods

horizontal rows of elements

Properties

high melting points, conduct electricity (if melted or dissolved in water)