bryce lane hs 200 tests 1-3 fall 2023

Plats that have reticulate venation and broad leaves are a member of which subclass?

Dicotyledonae

Cultivars of Cercis canadensis are propagated by humans using a vegetative propagation technique called?

Grafting

Which cultivars are discovered, and then developed?

Those from seedling selections AND those from genetic mutations

How long does it typically take plant breeders, like our own Dr. Denny Werner, to create a new cultivar of redbud like Cercis canadensis 'Ruby Falls'?

10-12 years

Condition in trees where the flowers emerge from the large stems and trunks

Cauliflory

The generic name "Cercis" is derived from Greek meaning 'weavers shuttle'. What part of the plant looks like the Weavers Shuttle?

Fruits

Gardening activities benefit human health and well-being in many ways. Which of the following statements is true about gardening, whether you do it or just walk through a garden?

Reduces stress, lowers blood pressure, physically and psychologically therapeutic, AND reduces depression

Is the following scientific name correctly written? Thuja occidentalis 'Alba' (all underlined)

NO

Attention restoration theory states that there are two types of attention, the first being "directed", which has limits and can be overloaded by stress. The second type of attention can be used to relieve stress and is promoted by time spent in gardens and natural settings. What is it called?

Fascination

What kind of plant name is "Bluebells"?

Common Name

Who was Carl von Linne (Corolus Linnaeus)?

The inventor of the binomial system

The plant called Boxelder has a scientific name of Acer negundo. What can you tell me about this plant that is 100% true?

It produces double wing samaras

What basic classification of plants like to hang out, mate with each other, and all their children look just like them?

Species

Where did the cranberry plant get its name from?

The flower looks like the head of the New England native "Sandhill Crane". It was first called craneberry but people got lazy and removed the "e", henceforth... cranberry!

Horticulture is derived from which two latin words hortus and culturae. Culturae means:

To take care of

How is horticulture different from botany?

Horticulture is an applied science, botany is more of a basic science

The study of the cultivation of vegetables is called

Olericulture

Plant taxonomy and nomenclature refer to what respectively?

Plant categories and Names

Plants in the same Genus

Have similar flowers and fruits

Which plant classification is totally dependent on human intervention?

Cultivar

Ferns are in the class Filicinae. What is unique about that Class of plants?

They don't reproduce by seeds but reproduce by spores instead

Beans are in the Subclass Dicotyledonae. How are they different from plants in Monocotyledonae (corn)?

Dicots have broad leaves with reticulate venation, where monocots have linear leaves with parallel venation

"The inability to notice plants in one's own environment" That is the definition of a serious pandemic called:

Plant blindness

What is the Variety name (correctly written using the Binomial System) for the group of redbuds that all produce white flowers?

Cercis canadensis alba (all underlined)

A "selective herbicide", like Weed-B-Gone kills:

Only certain plants, such as dicots, but not monocots

What do "conifers" do?

Produce cones

The study of cultivation of plants to enhance the outdoor living space

Landscape Horticulture

Poison ivy is in the family Anacardeacae. What other plant is in the same Family, and therefore could pose a possible health risk to some people?

Cashews

Most of the fruit and vegetable plants we Americans grow in our home gardens are

Exotic, non-native plants that come from all over the world

Cercis canadensis (underlined) 'Queen of Hearts'
'Queen of Hearts' is what part of the binomial system name?

Cultivar epithet

Cercis canadensis (underlined) 'Queen of Hearts'
Cercis canadensis (underlined) 'Queen of Hearts' is what part of the binomial system name?

Cultivar

Cercis canadensis (underlined) 'Queen of Hearts'
Cercis canadensis is what part of the binomial system name?

Species

Plants in the same Family

Have similar susceptibilities and tolerances

Strawberry is a

A plant of the rose family

What word/phrase is used to characterize the way both species and botanical varieties behave?

"Come True from Seed"

To be in the Genus Acer, plants must have the ability to produce:

Double winged samaras

The genus name for Holly is

Ilex

In the sneaker illustration we had in class, Nike represented what plant classification unit?

Genus

In the sneaker illustration we had in class, New Balance 574 represented what plant classification unit?

Species

An important concept learned from the sneaker illustration was that:

There can be variation within a species

Why is it better to use the binomial system?

The binomial system is descriptive and shows when plants are related to each other

What can you tell me about the following term as it is written here: aurea (underlined)?

It is a latin word, but not enough to determine what binomial term it is

Who gives plants their common names?

You and me and any other people who want to

Why does the binomial system use Latin as the language?

New latin words can be created easily

There are 438 plant genera that contain only one species. What do you call a genus that is made up of only one species?

Monotypic

What type of crop is the tomato?

It depends on how many acres of tomatoes you are growing

The study of extending the keeping quality of horticultural crops is called

Postharvest physiology

The study of cultivation of flowers and potted plants is termed

Floriculture

Gymnospermae is a class of plants that are characterized by having

Naked seeds contained in strobili or cones

Tracheophyta is a

Division of plants that have "tubes" (a vascular system)

As a gardener, why would it be important to know the difference between Monocots and Dicots?

There are selective herbicides that kill only dicots but are harmless to monocots, therefore allow us to control broadleaf weeds in our turfgrass

Are all variant plants within a species, botanical varieties?

NO

The majority of plants people use in their home gardens are

Cultivars

How are cultivars different from botanical varieties?

To make more, cultivars must be cultivated by humans, they are not self-perpetuating

Cercis canadensis (underlined) 'Ruby Falls' is desirable because, unlike the straight species it

Is a burgundy leaf weeper

Cercis canadensis (underlined) 'Hearts of Gold' was

Discovered as a chance seedling in Greensboro, NC

What can you tell me about the following binomial term as it is written here: 'Baked Alaska'

It is a cultivar epithet

If someone asked you why they should embrace the binomial system over using common names, what would you tell them?

Using it helps avoid the confusion of common names

We know that trees are capable of absorbing a lot of CO2 in their lifetime. However, trees also emit CO2. In addition to respiration and combustion, what is the third way they release CO2 to the atmosphere?

Decomposition

Identify what this entire scientific name is describing: Acer palmatum dissectum (underlined) 'Atropurpureum'

END OF TEST 1

Cultivar

Technical term that describes a plant's ability to withstand a severe low temperature on any given winter night or day.

Temperate Plant Hardiness

What do you call the date beyond which the chance of frost greatly increases?

Last Frost Free Date

Deciduous Trees

Lose all their leaves every Fall

A biennial

Grows vegetatively the first year and then grows vegetatively AND reproductively the second year

Bamboo, Snake Plant, Ginger, Solomon's Seal, and 'Evita' Gloxinia are five kinds of plants that produce modified underground stems called:

Rhizomes

Other than storage, a major function of leaves is

Food production

An Irish (white) potato is a plant that produces a modified secondary root called a

Irish potatoes are not roots, they are modified stems called tubers

The number one absorbing organ in the plant is the

Root

A plant organ that arises from an abnormal place is called

Adventitious

Are all tap roots primary roots?

YES

A sweet potato is a modified root called a

Tuberous root

Why is the term "Seed Potato" a misleading term for gardeners?

They are not real seeds, but tubers used to grow new potatoes vegetatively

What do stems have that roots do not?

Nodes and internodes

Other than storage, transportation, and support, a fourth function of stems is

Food production

Some of the leaves of my evergreen boxwood are turning brown and falling off. I am concerned that they might have a disease or insect problem. The leaves on the outside of the plant are the ones turning brown. What's up with that?

There is a serious problem, have it checked out

What do you call plants that have 100% aerial roots that live on other plants?

Epiphytes

What is the current USDA Hardiness Zone rating for Raleigh, NC?

7

What is the first root to emerge from a stem cutting?

Adventitious

If you met a plant anatomist at a party, what would be the first thing they would ask you?

"Where are you from?"

Strawberries and spider plants and some turf grass species are kinds of plants that produce above-ground, modified prostrate stems called

Stolons

What types of plants will tolerate short periods of freezing and slightly below only for a few hours before being damaged?

Sub-Tropical

In the story Bryce told about the elderly woman at the garden center that "helped" him assist a man whose dogwoods were not flowering, what technique did she recommend to him to rectify the problem? She recommended that he should...

Beat them with a stick

What is the term to describe a root emerging from a secondary root?

Secondary

Most conifers have

Needle like, awl like or scale like leaves

Mature evergreens retain each year's set of leaves for how long?

3-5 years

What types of plants die completely by the winter in Raleigh, NC?

Tropical annuals

What types of plants will tolerate long periods of freezing and below during the Winter?

Temperate

Term to describe conditions in leaves that are faded and yellow

Chlorosis

The term used to describe when the plant moves material from one place to another through the xylem and phloem

Translocation

Which substances is/are absorbed by the root via osmosis?

Water

What is the most agreed upon theory for nutrient uptake by plant's roots called?

Carrier Molecule Theory

Why is photosynthesis considered the most important process on Earth?

Because of the food that only plants can produce sustains life as we know it

How is water absorption different in plants different from nutrient absorption?

Nutrient absorption is an active process and water absorption is a passive process

If you found out that your friend had just over-fertilized their shrubs what would you tell them to do to avoid fertilizer burn?

Water a lot around each shrub to dilute the high solute concentration and leach the salts

The substrate (cookie sheet) of the chemical reaction called photosynthesis is/are

Chloroplasts

The "ingredients" of photosynthesis are

Carbon dioxide and water

What percentage of the dry weight of a plant comes from photosynthesis (sugars) and what percentage comes from the soil (nutrition)?

96% from photosynthesis, 4% from the soil

The products of photosynthesis are

Sugar and Oxygen

Complex sugars such as starch, cellulose, and alcohol all are made from the basic plant produced sugar

Glucose

If the recommendation on a plant label says "place in full sun", what does that mean?

Plant the plant in a location that receives 6+ hours of direct sunlight