Untitled Flashcard Set

What was the significance of the Revolution of 1800?

It marked a peaceful transfer of power from Federalists to Democratic-Republicans, demonstrating the stability of the new republic.

What is the difference between Strict and Loose Constructionists?

Strict Constructionists believe the government should only do what the Constitution explicitly allows, while Loose Constructionists believe it allows for implied powers.

What was the outcome of the Louisiana Purchase in 1803?

Jefferson bought the Louisiana Territory for $15 million, doubling U.S. size, but it contradicted his strict constitutional views.

What was established by the Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison (1803)?

It established judicial review, allowing the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional.

What did the McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) decision confirm?

It confirmed federal supremacy over states and the constitutionality of the National Bank.

What were the main causes of the War of 1812?

Causes included British impressment of U.S. sailors, trade interference, and support for Native resistance.

What was the significance of the Missouri Compromise (1820)?

It admitted Maine as a free state and Missouri as a slave state while establishing the 36°30′ line to divide future free/slave territories.

What did the Monroe Doctrine (1823) warn against?

It warned European powers against colonization in the Western Hemisphere and asserted U.S. dominance in the Americas.

What was the impact of the Corrupt Bargain of 1824?

It led to the election of Adams with Clay's support, angering Jackson's supporters and resulting in the rise of the Democratic Party.

What event triggered the Nullification Crisis (1832–33)?

South Carolina's opposition to the Tariff of 1828, also known as the Tariff of Abominations.

What was the Indian Removal Act (1830) and its consequences?

It forced the relocation of Native Americans west of the Mississippi, leading to the Trail of Tears (1838–39).

What was the Market Revolution?

It involved the growth of factories, transportation, and commercial farming, leading to innovations like the cotton gin and the growth of wage labor.

What caused the Panic of 1819?

It was caused by over-speculation and banking issues, leading to distrust in banks and calls for reform.

What is the Cult of Domesticity?

It idealized women's roles as homemakers and moral leaders within the family, reflecting gender divisions in society.

What was the Second Great Awakening?

It was a religious revival movement that emphasized individual salvation and social reform and inspired various reform movements.

What did Transcendentalism emphasize?

It emphasized self-reliance, nature, and spiritual independence.

What were Utopian Communities?

They were attempts at creating perfect societies, such as Brook Farm and the Oneida Community.

Who founded Mormonism and what were its challenges?

Founded by Joseph Smith, it faced persecution and moved west under Brigham Young to Utah.

What was the goal of the Temperance Movement?

It aimed to reduce or ban alcohol consumption and was one of the most successful early reforms.

Who were key figures in the abolitionist movement?

Key figures included William Lloyd Garrison and Frederick Douglass.

What was a significant event in the Women’s Rights movement?

The Seneca Falls Convention (1848) marked an early reform in the push for women’s rights.

Who led the Education Reform movement?

Horace Mann advocated for public schooling during the education reform movement.

What characterized the Southern Society's Cotton Economy?

The expansion of slavery due to cotton gin efficiency and a politically dominant planter elite.