Latin Grammer Review

Accusative Case

Direct object of the verb - the person or thing directly affected by the action. Shows the motion towards a place and indicates duration of time.

• Direct Object:

  • Used for the noun that receives the action of the verb.

  • Example: Puer librum legit. – "The boy reads the book."

  • Here, librum (the book) is the accusative, receiving the action of reading.

• Motion Toward (with prepositions):

  • Indicates movement towards a place, especially with prepositions like ad (to), in (into), per (through).

  • Example: Iit ad urbem. – "He went to the city."

• Duration of Time:

  • Expresses how long something lasts, often used without a preposition.

  • Example: Unam horam labōrat. – "He works for one hour."

  • Here, unam horam (one hour) is accusative, showing the duration of the action

The Ablative case

Shows how something is done, location, time when, motion away from something. Its also used commonly with specific prepositions.

Accusative Prepositions

(showing motion toward or through): ad, in, per, ante, post, trans.

Example: ad villam (to the house), per silvam (through the forest).

Ablative Prepositions

(showing location, means, or motion away): ab, ex, in, de, sub, cum, sine.

Example: ex oppidō (out of the town), cum amīcō (with a friend).