tok big questions

Descartes

French philosopher known for the statement 'I think, therefore I am' and for his role in rationalism.

Locke's Empiricism

An English philosopher's theory involving three steps to determine truth: existence, clarity, and coherence.

Coherence truth test

Relies on previous knowledge to validate propositions, akin to rationalism, where logic and reason lead to conclusions.

Correspondence truth test

Tests if a proposition adheres to our sensory knowledge, applicable to observable claims.

Consensus truth test

A proposition accepted by a group based on collective wisdom.

Pragmatic truth test

A proposition considered true if it proves useful or effective in practice.

Justified True Belief

A belief is considered truth if it is true, justified with evidence, and confidently held.

Theory of Knowledge (TOK)

A critical examination of knowledge's nature, how it is formed, and its implications.

Four Aims of TOK

Critical thinking, communication, creativity, and collaboration in understanding knowledge.

Certainty

The level of confidence we have in a knowledge claim.

Evidence

Information, data, or facts used to support a knowledge claim; foundational for justifying beliefs.

First-order knowledge

Facts, information, and skills derived from experience, education, and observation.

Second-order knowledge

Knowledge about knowledge; reflection on how we acquire, justify, and evaluate knowledge.

Context is Everything

The idea that perception and understanding are influenced by the context in which something is observed.

Hasty Generalization

Reaching a conclusion based on insufficient or limited evidence.

Red Herring

Bringing up irrelevant information to divert attention from the main issue.

Justification

The process of providing evidence to support a claim.

Perspective

The particular viewpoint in which individuals interpret knowledge, influenced by culture, experience, and values.

Cultural Influence on Knowledge

The impact of shared beliefs and practices on how knowledge is formed and interpreted.