Things to remember for unit 1

China had a

centralized imperial bureaucracy

The Qin Dynasty (221 - 207) introduced a strong

central bureaucracy

The Tang Dynasty improved

agriculture, roads, and canals

Chinese Meritocracy system provided

more upward mobility than any other government hiring system in the world at the time

first major religion in Song China

Confucianism and it emphasized filial piety

Came to China on the SIlk Road 

Buddhism

Rose in Song China as a response to the rise of Buddhism

Neo-Confucianism

most urbanized land in the world! 

Song China

those educated in Confucian philosophy)

scholar gentry

States surrounding China had to pay a tribute to China in the form of money or goods along with trade

Tributary

These regions were heavily influenced by China.

Japan, Korea, and vietnam

Turkish slaves working in Egypt who attacked and seized control of the Egyptian government created a Muslim empire across North Africa known as the Malmlu Sultanate 

Mamluk Empire

Muslim Turks who captured parts of the Middle East including Baghdad. 

Seljuk Turks

Muslim empire in Spain that represents tolerance and collaboration between numerous religions in Muslim occupied territories. al-Andalus today shows lots of Muslim influence in both its architecture and art

al-Andalus in Spain

Celebrated Islamic Scholar who made advances in math that laid the groundwork for trigonometry.

Nasiral-Din al-Tusi

The most prolific female Muslim writer before the 20th century 

A’ishah al-Ba’uniyyah

responsible for bringing Islam to Southeast Asia

merchants

Hindu women - separate social sphere

South Asia

more independence before Islam arrived

Southeast Asia

• More unstable

• Rajput kingdoms form(northern India/present-day Pakistan)

• Clans often at war

• No centralized gov

• Diversity and regionalism in South Asia

• Lack of centralized power - easy to attack

Northern India

THREE M’S

military actions, merchants, and missionaries

• More unstable

• Rajput kingdoms form(northern India/present-day Pakistan)

• Clans often at war

• No centralized gov

• Diversity and regionalism in South Asia

• Lack of centralized power - easy to attack

Northern India

The first empire that grew in the Americas was the

Toltec

Arose in the 13th Century near lake Texcoco which allowed for farming, fishing, and transportation. 

Aztec

Maya were decentralized with many Maya city-states spread throughout the region.

decentralized