chapter 10 marine science

Organisms must ____ to both biotic and abiotic features of their environment

 adapt

Resource partitioning

competing species can coexist if they use same resource in different way or different time

Invasive species grow

Exponentially

Niche

each species has its own special role in the community

Fundamental niche

all resources a species is capable of using (larger niche)

Realized niche

all resources a species actually uses (smaller niche)

Competition

going for the same limited resource, an organism can use a resource at the expense of another organism

Predation

1 species kills another for food

Symbiosis

one species living in or on another

Commensalism

one species benefits the other is not affected

Parasitism

one species benefits and the other is harmed

Mutualism

both species benefit

Larger partner is the

host

Smaller partner is the

symbiont

Benthic organisms

organisms that live on or buried at the bottom

Pelagic organisms

organisms that live away from bottom, swim

Neritic zone

water over the continental shelf

Oceanic

water beyond the shelf

Epipelagic zone

water surface to 100-200 miles down; sunligth for primary production

Mesopelagic zone

(twilight zone) some photosynthesis occurs, although very reduced

Bathypelagic, Abyssopelagic, Hadopelagic

deep sea, no light

Intertidal zone

between high and low tide

Subtidal zone

always submerged; below the low tide level

Bathyl, Abyssal, Hadal

deep sea floor