12 - Basic Information for Virus

a. Virus

[Basics - Feature]

Small obligate, intracellular parasite that requires a host for source of energy, reproduction, and structural formation, leading to viral infection
a. Virus
b. Bacteria
c. Fungus
d. Parasite

a. Self-limiting

[Basics - Feature]

The condition caused by a small obligate, intracellular parasite is
a. Self-limiting
b. Chronic
c. Progressive
d. Fatal

a. Supportive therapy

[Basics - Feature]

The treatment for infection caused by a small obligate, intracellular parasite is
a. Supportive therapy
b. Antibiotics
c. Antivirals
d. Antifungals

a. DNA or RNA

[Basics - Viral structure]

The nucleic acid component of a virus can be
a. DNA or RNA
b. DNA only
c. RNA only
d. Neither DNA nor RNA

c. Viroid

[Basics - Viral structure]

Nucleic acid component of a virus that contains RNA only
a. Virion
b. Capsid
c. Viroid
d. Prion

a. Capsid

[Basics - Viral structure]

The protein coat of a virus is called
a. Capsid
b. Virion
c. Envelope
d. Matrix

a. Virion

[Basics - Viral structure]

Nucleic acid + capsid is called _____
a. Virion
b. Viroid
c. Capsid
d. Envelope

• Rhinovirus

• Adenovirus

• Polio virus

📌Mnemonic: “RAP”

[Basics - Viral structure]

Cubic or icosahedral viral symmetry is seen in ______
a. Rhinovirus, adenovirus, polio virus
b. Coronavirus, tobacco mosaic virus
c. Pox virus, bacteriophages
d. Viroid

• Coronavirus

• Tobacco mosaic virus

📌Mnemonic: “CT”

[Basics - Viral structure]

Helical viral symmetry is seen in
a. Rhinovirus, adenovirus, polio virus
b. Coronavirus, tobacco mosaic virus
c. Pox virus, bacteriophages
d. Viroid

• Pox virus

• Bacteriophages

📌Mnemonic: “PB”

[Basics - Viral structure]

Complex viral symmetry is seen in
a. Rhinovirus, adenovirus, polio virus
b. Coronavirus, tobacco mosaic virus
c. Pox virus, bacteriophages
d. Viroid

Attachment

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Penetration

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Uncoating

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Virion Synthesis

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Packaging

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Assembly

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Release

Viral Life Cycle [7]

a. Lysogenic

[Basics - Viral Life Cycle]

Intact source

a. Lysogenic

b. Lytic

b. Lytic

[Basics - Viral Life Cycle]

Destroy source

a. Lysogenic

b. Lytic

• Double-stranded

• Icosahedral

• Replicate in nucleus

[Basics - DNA Virus]

General characteristics of DNA viruses
a. Double-stranded, icosahedral, replicate in nucleus
b. Single-stranded, icosahedral, replicate in nucleus
c. Double-stranded, complex, replicate in cytoplasm
d. Single-stranded, complex, replicate in cytoplasm

b. Nucleus

[Basics - DNA Virus]

DNA viruses replicated in _______

a. Mitochondria

b. Nucleus

c. Cytoplasm

d. Thylakoid

a. Parvovirus

[Basics - DNA Virus]

The DNA virus that is single-stranded
a. Parvovirus
b. Poxvirus
c. Herpesvirus
d. Adenovirus

b. Poxvirus

[Basics - DNA Virus]

The DNA virus that is complex in symmetry
a. Parvovirus
b. Poxvirus
c. Adenovirus
d. Papovavirus

• Parvovirus

• Adenovirus

• Papovavirus

  • Papilloma

  • Polyoma

📌Mnemonic: “PAP”

[Basics - DNA Virus]

Naked DNA viruses [3]

• Poxvirus

• Herpes virus

• Hepatitis B
  📌Mnemonic: “PHH”

[Basics - DNA Virus]

Enveloped DNA viruses [3]

c. Replication

[Basics - DNA Virus]

Central dogma process where DNA copies itself
a. Transcription
b. Translation
c. Replication
d. Transduction

b. Transcription

[Basics - DNA Virus]

Central dogma process where DNA is converted to mRNA
a. Replication
b. Transcription
c. Translation
d. Transduction

c. Translation

[Basics - DNA Virus]

Central dogma process where mRNA is converted to protein (CHON)
a. Replication
b. Transcription
c. Translation
d. Transduction

b. Protein

[Basics - DNA Virus]

Product of translation in the central dogma

a. Nucleic acid
b. Protein
c. Lipid
d. Carbohydrate

• Helical

• Enveloped

• Replicates in cytoplasm

• Single-stranded

📌Mnemonic: “HECS”

[Basics - RNA Virus]

General characteristics of RNA viruses [4]

a. Helical, enveloped, replicate in cytoplasm, single-stranded
b. Icosahedral, naked, replicate in nucleus, double-stranded
c. Helical, naked, replicate in cytoplasm, double-stranded
d. Icosahedral, enveloped, replicate in nucleus, single-stranded

c. Helical

[Basics - RNA Virus]

RNA viruses are _______
a. Icosahedral
b. Complex
c. Helical
d. Cubic

b. Enveloped

[Basics - RNA Virus]

RNA viruses are _____
a. Naked
b. Enveloped
c. Complex
d. Variable

b. Cytoplasm

[Basics - RNA Virus]

RNA viruses replicates in ______
a. Nucleus

b. Cytoplasm

c. Golgi apparatus

d. Smooth ER

• Flavivirus

• Togavirus

• Picornavirus

• Reovirus

• Calicivirus

'📌Mnemonic: “FT” “PRC”

[Basics - RNA Virus]

RNA viruses that are exceptions to Helical [5]

• Picornavirus

• Reovirus

• Calicivirus

📌Mnemonic: “PRC”

[Basics - RNA Virus]

RNA viruses that are exceptions to Enveloped [3]

• Orthomyxovirus

• Retrovirus
  📌Mnemonic: “OR”

[Basics - RNA Virus]

RNA viruses that are exceptions to Cytoplasm [2]

Reovirus

[Basics - RNA Virus]

RNA viruses that are exceptions to Single-stranded [1]

• Picornavirus

• Calicivirus

[Basics - RNA Virus]

RNA viruses that are exceptions to _____ [2]

• Helical

• Enveloped

Reovirus

[Basics - RNA Virus]

RNA viruses that are exceptions to ______ [1]

• Helical

• Enveloped

• Single-stranded

a. Positive sense RNA virus

[Basics - RNA Virus]

PS-RNA directly translates into protein (CHON)

a. Positive sense RNA virus
b. Negative sense RNA virus

b. Negative sense RNA virus

[Basics - RNA Virus]

BEQ: Requires RNA polymerase enzyme to convert

• Negative sense RNA virus → Positive sense RNA virus before translation

a. Positive sense RNA virus
b. Negative sense RNA virus

b. RNA polymerase

[Basics - RNA Virus]

Enzyme used by:

• Negative sense RNA virus → Positive sense RNA virus

a. DNA polymerase
b. RNA polymerase
c. Reverse transcriptase
d. Ligase

• Picorna

• Corona

• Toga

• Calici

• Flavi

• Retro

📌Mnemonic: “PiCoT” “Ca” “FlaRe”

[Basics - RNA Virus]

Positive sense RNA virus [6]

• Paramyxovirus

• Filovirus

• Arenavirus

• Bunyavirus

• Orthomyxovirus

• Rhabdovirus

📌Mnemonic: “Par” “FABOR”

[Basics - RNA Virus]

Negative sense RNA virus [6]