Part B: Muscle Table (Attachments, Actions and Innervations)

tensor fascia latae (origin)

lateral iliac crest

tensor fascia latae (insertion)

iliotibial tract of fascia lata

tensor fascia latae (action)

stabilizes the knee during extension

tensor fascia latae (innervation)

superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)

gluteus maximus (origin)

fascia covering gluteus medius, external surface of ilium, fascia of erector spinae, dorsal surface of lower sacrum, lateral margin of coccyx, external surface of sacrotuberous ligament

gluteus maximus (insertion)

posterior iliotibial tract of fascia lata, gluteal tuberosity of the femur

gluteus maximus (action)

extends flexed femur, laterally stabilizes hip and knee joint, laterally rotates and abducts thigh

gluteus maximus (innervation)

inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)

gluteus medius (origin)

external surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

gluteus medius (insertion)

lateral surface of the greater trochanter

gluteus medius (action)

abducts femur, medially rotates thigh, secures pelvis and prevents pelvic drop

gluteus medius (innervation)

superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)

gluteus minimus (origin)

external surface of ilium between inferior and anterior gluteal lines

gluteus minimus (insertion)

anterolateral aspect of the greater trochanter

gluteus minimus (action)

abducts femur, medially rotates thigh, secures pelvis and prevents pelvic drop

gluteus minimus (innervation)

superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)

gemellus superior/inferior (origin)

external surface of ischial spine, upper aspect of ischial tuberosity

gemellus superior/inferior (insertion)

superior/inferior surface of the obturator internus tendon, medial side of greater trochanter of femur

gemellus superior/inferior (action)

laterally rotates the extended femur, abducts flexed femur

gemellus superior/inferior (innervation)

nerve to obturator internus (L5-S1)

piriformis (origin)

anterior surface of sacrum between anterior sacral foramina

piriformis (insertion)

superior border of greater trochanter of femur

piriformis (action)

laterally rotates the extended femur, abducts flexed femur

piriformis (innervation)

branches from S1-S2

quadratus femoris (origin)

lateral aspect of the ischium anterior to the ischial tuberosity

quadratus femoris (insertion)

quadrate tubercle on the intertrochanteric crest of the proximal femur

quadratus femoris (action)

laterally rotates femur

quadratus femoris (innervation)

nerve to quadratus femoris (L5-S1)

adductor brevis (origin)

external surface of body of pubis and inferior pubic ramus

adductor brevis (insertion)

posterior surface of proximal femur and upper one-third of linea aspera

adductor brevis (action)

adducts thigh

adductor brevis (innervation)

obturator nerve (L2-L3)

adductor longus (origin)

external surface of body of pubis

adductor longus (insertion)

linea aspera on middle one-third of shaft of femur

adductor longus (action)

adducts and medially rotates thigh

adductor longus (innervation)

anterior division of obturator nerve (L2-L4)

adductor magnus (origin)

ischiopubic ramus, ischial tuberosity

adductor magnus (insertion)

posterior surface of proximal femur, linea aspera and medial supracondylar line, adductor tubercle and supracondylar line

adductor magnus (action)

adducts and medially rotates thigh

adductor magnus (innervation)

obturator nerve and tibial division of sciatic nerve (L2-L4)

gracilis (origin)

body of the pubis, inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus

gracilis (insertion)

medial surface of proximal shaft of tibia

gracilis (action)

adducts thigh and flexes leg

gracilis (innervation)

obturator nerve (L2-L3)

pectineus (origin)

pectineal line and adjacent bone of pelvis

pectineus (insertion)

oblique line extending from base of lesser trochanter to linea aspera on femur

pectineus (action)

adducts and flexes thigh

pectineus (innervation)

femoral nerve (L2-L3)

rectus femoris (origin)

anterior inferior iliac spine, ilium just superior to the acetabulum

rectus femoris (insertion)

quadriceps femoris tendon

rectus femoris (action)

flexes the thigh and extends the leg

rectus femoris (innervation)

femoral nerve (L2-L4)

vastus lateralis (origin)

lateral intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, lateral gluteal tuberosity, lateral lip of the linea aspera

vastus lateralis (insertion)

quadriceps femoris tendon, lateral margin of patella

vastus lateralis (action)

extends the leg

vastus lateralis (innervation)

femoral nerve (L2-L4)

vastus medialis (origin)

intertrochanteric line, pectineal line, medial lip of the linea aspera, medial supracondylar line

vastus medialis (insertion)

quadriceps femoris tendon, medial border of patella

vastus medialis (action)

extends the leg

vastus medialis (innervation)

femoral nerve (L2-L4)

vastus intermedius (origin)

upper two-thirds of anterior and lateral surfaces of femur

vastus intermedius (insertion)

quadriceps femoris tendon, lateral margin of patella

vastus intermedius (action)

extends the leg

vastus intermedius (innervation)

femoral nerve (L2-L4)

sartorius (origin)

anterior superior iliac spine

sartorius (insertion)

medial surface of tibia just inferomedial to tibial tuberosity

sartorius (action)

flexes the thigh and leg

sartorius (innervation)

femoral nerve (L2-L3)

biceps femoris (origin)

upper area of the ischial tuberosity, lateral lip of linea aspera

biceps femoris (insertion)

head of fibula

biceps femoris (action)

flexes and laterally rotates leg, extends and laterally rotates thigh

biceps femoris (innervation)

sciatic nerve (L5-S2)

semitendinosus (origin)

upper area of the ischial tuberosity

semitendinosus (insertion)

medial surface of proximal tibia

semitendinosus (action)

flexes and medially rotates leg, extends and medially rotates thigh

semitendinosus (innervation)

sciatic nerve (L5-S2)

semimembranosus (origin)

superolateral impression on the ischial tuberosity

semimembranosus (insertion)

medial and posterior surface of medial tibial condyle

semimembranosus (action)

flexes and medially rotates leg, extends and medially rotates thigh

semimembranosus (innervation)

sciatic nerve (L5-S2)

popliteus (origin)

lateral femoral condyle

popliteus (insertion)

posterior surface of proximal tibia

popliteus (action)

stabilizes and unlocks knee joint

popliteus (innervation)

tibial nerve (L4-S1)

tibialis anterior (origin)

lateral surface of tibia and adjacent interosseous membrane

tibialis anterior (insertion)

medial and inferior surfaces of medial cuneiform and adjacent surfaces on base of metatarsal 1

tibialis anterior (action)

dorsiflexion of foot at ankle joint, inversion of foot, support of medial arch

tibialis anterior (innervation)

deep fibular nerve (L4-L5)

gastrocnemius (origin)

posterior surface of distal femur, upper lateral femoral condyle

gastrocnemius (insertion)

posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

gastrocnemius (action)

plantarflexes foot and flexes knee

gastrocnemius (innervation)

tibial nerve (S1-S2)

soleus (origin)

soleal line and medial border of tibia, posterior aspect of fibular head and adjacent surfaces of neck and proximal shaft, tendinous arch between tibial and fibular attachments

soleus (insertion)

posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

soleus (action)

plantarflexes the foot

soleus (innervation)

tibial nerve (S1-S2)

tibialis posterior (origin)

posterior surfaces of interosseous membrane and adjacent regions of tibia and fibula

tibialis posterior (insertion)

tuberosity of navicular and adjacent region of medial cuneiform

tibialis posterior (action)

inversion and plantarflexion of foot, support of medial arch

tibialis posterior (innervation)

tibial nerve (L4-L5)