📸A&PII- Respiratory Anatomy

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c

What is the difference between the conducting zone and the respiratory zone of the respiratory system?

A.) The conducting zone moves oxygen into the cells and the respiratory zone takes carbon dioxide away from the cells.

B.) The conducting zone moves oxygen into the bloodstream and the respiratory zone takes carbon dioxide away from the bloodstream.

C.) The conducting zone exchanges gases between the lungs and the alveoli and the respiratory zone is a series of cavities and tubes that move air to the conducting zone.

D.) The conducting zone is a series of cavities and tubes that move air to the respiratory zone where gases exchange with the bloodstream.

D

What is the difference between the conducting zone and the respiratory zone of the respiratory system?

A.) The conducting zone moves oxygen into the cells and the respiratory zone takes carbon dioxide away from the cells.

B.) The conducting zone moves oxygen into the bloodstream and the respiratory zone takes carbon dioxide away from the bloodstream.

C.) The conducting zone exchanges gases between the lungs and the alveoli and the respiratory zone is a series of cavities and tubes that move air to the conducting zone.

D.) The conducting zone is a series of cavities and tubes that move air to the respiratory zone where gases exchange with the bloodstream.

b

Which of the following statements is mismatched?

A.) Base - Is concave and fits over the convex area of the diaphragm.

B.) Apex - Inferior portion of the lung.

C.) Left lung oblique fissure - Separates the superior lobe from the inferior lobe.

D.) Lobules - Compartments of each bronchopulmonary segment.

E.)Cardiac notch - Left lung concavity in which the heart lies.

Alveolar surface tension causes the lungs to assume the largest possible diameter.

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

A.) Alveolar surface tension causes the lungs to assume the largest possible diameter.

B.) Alveolar surface tension is responsible for much of the elastic recoil of the lungs.

C.) High compliance means that the lungs and chest wall expand easily while low compliance means that they resist expansion.

clean air of debris, conduct air into the lungs, add water to air, warm air

Functions of the conduction zone (4)

pharynx

passageway for air, food and water

epiglottis

what structure prevents food and water from entering the trachea

alveolus

where does the primary exchange of gases occur?

carina

The point where the trachea divides into right and left primary bronchi is a ridge called

simple squamous epithelium

What type of tissue forms the exchange surfaces of the alveolus?

diaphragm, external intercostals

During quiet inhalation, which respiratory muscles contract?

Soft palate

e

—

1. A – Frontal sinus

2. B – Olfactory epithelium

3. C – Nasal conchae

4. D – External naris 

5. E – Soft palate

6. F – Lingual tonsil

7. G – Vestibular fold

8. H – Vocal fold

9. I – Larynx

10. J – Thyroid cartilage

11. K – Cricoid cartilage

12. L – Trachea

13. M – Esophagus

14. N – Laryngopharynx 

15. O – Epiglottis

16. P – Oropharynx

17. Q – Fauces

18. R – Palatine tonsil

19. S – Uvula

20. T – Nasopharyx

21. U – Internal naris

22. V – Nasal meatuses

Lingual tonsil

f

—

1. A – Frontal sinus

2. B – Olfactory epithelium

3. C – Nasal conchae

4. D – External naris 

5. E – Soft palate

6. F – Lingual tonsil

7. G – Vestibular fold

8. H – Vocal fold

9. I – Larynx

10. J – Thyroid cartilage

11. K – Cricoid cartilage

12. L – Trachea

13. M – Esophagus

14. N – Laryngopharynx 

15. O – Epiglottis

16. P – Oropharynx

17. Q – Fauces

18. R – Palatine tonsil

19. S – Uvula

20. T – Nasopharyx

21. U – Internal naris

22. V – Nasal meatuses

Palatine tonsil

r

1. A – Frontal sinus

2. B – Olfactory epithelium

3. C – Nasal conchae

4. D – External naris 

5. E – Soft palate

6. F – Lingual tonsil

7. G – Vestibular fold

8. H – Vocal fold

9. I – Larynx

10. J – Thyroid cartilage

11. K – Cricoid cartilage

12. L – Trachea

13. M – Esophagus

14. N – Laryngopharynx 

15. O – Epiglottis

16. P – Oropharynx

17. Q – Fauces

18. R – Palatine tonsil

19. S – Uvula

20. T – Nasopharyx

21. U – Internal naris

22. V – Nasal meatuses

Meatus(es)

V

—

1. A – Frontal sinus

2. B – Olfactory epithelium

3. C – Nasal conchae

4. D – External naris 

5. E – Soft palate

6. F – Lingual tonsil

7. G – Vestibular fold

8. H – Vocal fold

9. I – Larynx

10. J – Thyroid cartilage

11. K – Cricoid cartilage

12. L – Trachea

13. M – Esophagus

14. N – Laryngopharynx 

15. O – Epiglottis

16. P – Oropharynx

17. Q – Fauces

18. R – Palatine tonsil

19. S – Uvula

20. T – Nasopharyx

21. U – Internal naris

22. V – Nasal meatuses

Pharyngeal tonsil

T

—

A – Frontal sinus

B – Olfactory epithelium

C – Nasal conchae

D – External naris 

E – Soft palate

F – Lingual tonsil

G – Vestibular fold

H – Vocal fold

I – Larynx

J – Thyroid cartilage

K – Cricoid cartilage

L – Trachea

M – Esophagus

N – Laryngopharynx 

O – Epiglottis

P – Oropharynx

Q – Fauces

R – Palatine tonsil

S – Uvula

T – Nasopharyx

U – Internal naris

V – Nasal meatuses

Carina

I

—

A — Visceral pleura

B — Parietal pleura

C — Pleural cavity

D — Right main bronchus

E — Right lobar bronchus

F — Right segmental bronchus

G — Right bronchiole

H — Right terminal bronchiole

I — Carina

J — Left chain bronchus

K — Left lobar bronchus

L — Left segmental bronchus

M — Left bronchiole

N — Left terminal bronchiole

Lobar bronchus (2)

E,K

—

A — Visceral pleura

B — Parietal pleura

C — Pleural cavity

D — Right main bronchus

E — Right lobar bronchus

F — Right segmental bronchus

G — Right bronchiole

H — Right terminal bronchiole

I — Carina

J — Left chain bronchus

K — Left lobar bronchus

L — Left segmental bronchus

M — Left bronchiole

N — Left terminal bronchiole

Left terminal bronchiole

n

—

A — Visceral pleura

B — Parietal pleura

C — Pleural cavity

D — Right main bronchus

E — Right lobar bronchus

F — Right segmental bronchus

G — Right bronchiole

H — Right terminal bronchiole

I — Carina

J — Left chain bronchus

K — Left lobar bronchus

L — Left segmental bronchus

M — Left bronchiole

N — Left terminal bronchiole

Right bronchiole

g

—

A — Visceral pleura

B — Parietal pleura

C — Pleural cavity

D — Right main bronchus

E — Right lobar bronchus

F — Right segmental bronchus

G — Right bronchiole

H — Right terminal bronchiole

I — Carina

J — Left chain bronchus

K — Left lobar bronchus

L — Left segmental bronchus

M — Left bronchiole

N — Left terminal bronchiole

Identify the 3 divisions of the pharynx:

nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

What substance produced by great (Type II) alveolar cells?

surfacant

What is the function of surfacant?

to reduce the surface tension in the alveoli

Which covering of pleura is most closely adhered to the surface of the lungs?

visceral

Boyles' Law of respiration generally states that as the size of a closed container (_______) __________ , the __________ ___________. (4 words)

volume decreases, pressure increases

tubular airways that begin the respiratory zone

respiratory bronchiole

connects the laryngopharynx with the trachea

larynx

tube-like structure that conducts air from the larynx to the bronchi

trachea

closes over the glottis of the larynx during swallowing

epiglottis

C-shaped rings that keep the trachea from collapsing

tracheal cartilage

division of the bronchi that enter bronchopulmonary segments

tertiary bronchus

last division of the conducting zone

terminal bronchiole

conducts air from the nasopharynx to the laryngopharynx

oropharynx

small round sacs where gas exchange occurs

alveolus

small conduction airway that serves a lobule

bronchiole

Identify the epithelium(s) which has the function secrete mucus and trap/remove dust and debris (3)

pseudostratified ciliated, ciliated columnar, ciliated cuboidal

Identify the epithelium which has the function to diffuse gases

simple squamous

Identify the epithelium which has the function to protect underlying structures

stratified squamous

Where is stratified squamous epithelium located?

oropharynx through vocal cords of the larynx

Where is simple squamous epithelium located?

end of respiratory bronchiole though alveolus

Where is pseudostratified ciliated epithelium located?

nasal cavity through nasopharynx, larynx below vocal cords through primary bronchi

Where is ciliated columnar epithelium located?

secondary bronchi through tertiary bronchi

Where is ciliated cuboidal epithelium located?

bronchioles through beginning of respiratory bronchiole

Which of the following statements is NOT correct?

A.) The lungs surround the mediastinum.

B.) Air normally fills the pleural cavity.

C.) The visceral pleura covers the lungs.

D.) The parietal pleura lines the thoracic cavity.

E.) The parietal and visceral pleura are separated by the pleural cavity.

b

The _______ pleura covers the lungs

visceral

The _______ pleura lines the thoracic cavity

parietal

The parietal and visceral pleura are separated by the __________

pleural cavity

The lungs surround the __________

mediastinum

A bronchopulmonary segment is directly supplied by a ______________________.

tertiary (segmental) bronchus

The internal structures of the external nose serve which of the following functions?

1. warming, moistening, and filtering incoming air

2. creating resonance

3. increasing gas exchange

1 & 2

Where can you locate the pharyngeal tonsils

nasopharynx