MIDTERM LESSON 4: Epistatic Interactions

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Last updated 1:26 PM on 9/4/26
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12 Terms

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Epistatic gene

- gene that masks

- has no effect on the genotype, or genetic composition, of the gene being controlled.

- It affects only the phenotype.

<p>- gene that masks</p><p>- has no effect on the genotype, or genetic composition, of the gene being controlled. </p><p>- It affects only the phenotype.</p>
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Hypostatic gene

- gene that is masked

<p>- gene that is masked</p>
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Epistasis

- a type of polygenic interaction where one gene controls the phenotype of another gene for a trait.

- Both genes have an influence on the physical appearance of the trait, but the one that shows epistasis masks the effect of the other.

<p>- a type of polygenic interaction where one gene controls the phenotype of another gene for a trait.</p><p>- Both genes have an influence on the physical appearance of the trait, but the one that shows epistasis masks the effect of the other.</p>
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bully genes

- genes that show epistasis are?

- The phenotype is going to be determined by the gene that shows epistasis because it masks the expression of the other gene.

EXAMPLE: Albinism - If a person has the gene for albinism, their hair, skin, and/or eyes will have little or no pigment no matter what their genes say their color should be. It is because the gene for albinism, the bully gene, shoves them in a locker.

<p>- genes that show epistasis are?</p><p>- The phenotype is going to be determined by the gene that shows epistasis because it masks the expression of the other gene.</p><p>EXAMPLE: Albinism - If a person has the gene for albinism, their hair, skin, and/or eyes will have little or no pigment no matter what their genes say their color should be. It is because the gene for albinism, the bully gene, shoves them in a locker.</p>
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Bombay phenotype

A more complex example of epistasis is a blood type

<p>A more complex example of epistasis is a blood type</p>
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Bombay blood group, or hh

- is a rare blood type.

- This blood phenotype was first

discovered in Bombay by Dr. Y. M. Bhende in 1952.

- It is mostly found in the Indian

sub-continent (India, Bangladesh, Pakistan) and Iran.

- Results from interaction between a gene called H and the I gene that confers ABO blood type.

<p>- is a rare blood type.</p><p>- This blood phenotype was first</p><p>discovered in Bombay by Dr. Y. M. Bhende in 1952. </p><p>- It is mostly found in the Indian</p><p>sub-continent (India, Bangladesh, Pakistan) and Iran.</p><p>- Results from interaction between a gene called H and the I gene that confers ABO blood type.</p>
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H gene

controls the placement of a

molecule to which antigens A and B attach on the red blood cell surface.

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blood group A

means that the person has antigen of type 'A' and antibody of type 'B' in his/her blood.

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blood group AB

have both antigen A and B in their blood and no antibodies

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blood type O

have only antibodies A and В

and no antigens.

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ABO blood group

is determined by the alleles IA

,IB , and i, while the H gene controls the production of the H antigen, which is necessary for the expression of ABO antigens.

<p>is determined by the alleles IA</p><p>,IB , and i, while the H gene controls the production of the H antigen, which is necessary for the expression of ABO antigens.</p>
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bombay phenotype

occurs when an individual is homozygous recessive (hh) at the H locus, preventing the formation of the H antigen and thereby masking the ABO alleles, so the person appears as blood type O regardless of their ABO genotype.