Studied by 73 people
Shoulder Flexion
Axis: Greater tubercle
Proximal Arm: Bisecting the trunk/thorax
Moving Arm: Bisecting the humerus
ROM: ~180 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Shoulder Extension
Axis: Greater tubercle
Proximal Arm: Bisect the trunk
Moving Arm: Bisecting the humerus
ROM: 65-80 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Shoulder Abduction
Axis: Anterior aspect of the acromion
Proximal Arm: Parallel to midline of the sternum
Moving Arm: Bisecting the humerus
ROM: ~180 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Shoulder Internal Rotation
Axis: Olecranon process
Proximal Arm: Vertical to ground
Moving Arm: Ulnar styloid
ROM: 30-50 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Shoulder External Rotation
Axis: Olecranon process
Proximal Arm: Completely vertical
Moving Arm: Ulnar styloid
ROM: ~ 90 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Elbow Flexion
Axis: Lateral epicondyle
Proximal Arm: Bisect humerus laterally
Distal Arm: Radial styloid
ROM: 130-145 degrees
End-Feel: Soft
Notes - make sure to use a towel to support humerus
Elbow Extension
Axis: Lateral epicondyle
Proximal Arm: Bisect humerus laterally
Moving Arm: Radial styloid
ROM: 5 degrees hyperextension
End-Feel: Hard
Forearm Pronation
Axis: Lateral to ulnar styloid
Proximal Arm: Parallel to the shaft of the humerus
Distal Arm: Dorsal aspect of the forearm between the styloids
ROM: ~75 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Notes - make sure elbow is at patients side
Forearm Supination
Axis: Medial to ulnar styloid
Proximal Arm: Parallel to the shaft of the humerus
Distal Arm: Dorsal aspect of the forearm between the styloids
ROM: ~85 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Notes - make sure elbow is at patients side
Wrist Flexion
Axis: Triquetrum/Ulnar styloid
Proximal Arm: Bisect forearm by aiming for the lateral epicondyle
Moving Arm: 5th metacarpal
ROM: 70-85 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Wrist Extension
Axis: Triquetrum / Ulnar Styloid
Proximal Arm: Bisect forearm by the aiming for the lateral epicondyle
Moving Arm: 5th metacarpal
ROM: 60-75 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Radial Deviation
Axis: Capitate
Proximal Arm: Bisect forearm
Moving Arm: 3rd metacarpal
ROM: 15-20 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Ulnar Deviation
Axis: Capitate
Proximal Arm: Bisect forearm
Moving Arm: 3rd metacarpal
ROM: 35-40 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
MCP Flexion/Extension
Axis: Dorsal surface of joint
Proximal Arm: Dorsal metacarpal
Moving Arm: Dorsal proximal phalanx
ROM
Flexion: 90-115 degrees
Extension: 30-45 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
PIP Flexion/Extension
Axis: Dorsal surface of joint
Proximal Arm: Dorsal proximal phalanx
Distal Arm: Dorsal middle phalanx
ROM
Flexion: 100-120 degrees
Extension: 0 degrees (N/A)
End-Feel: Firm
DIP Flexion/Extension
Axis: Dorsal surface of joint
Proximal Arm: Dorsal middle phalanx
Distal Arm: Dorsal distal phalanx
ROM:
Flexion: 70-90 degrees
Extension: ~30 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
CMC Flexion
Axis: Trapezium
Proximal Arm: Bisecting radius
Moving Arm: 1st metacarpal
ROM: 15-20 degrees
End-feel: Firm
CMC Extension
Axis: Trapezium
Proximal Arm: Bisect radius
Moving Arm: 1st metacarpal
ROM: 20-35 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
CMC Abduction
Axis: Radial styloid
Proximal Arm: 2nd metacarpal
Moving Arm: 1st metacarpal
ROM: 40-50 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Opposition
Move tip of thumb towards 5th MCP
If they cannot touch, then use a ruler to measure distance from 5th MCP to tip of thumb
MCP Flexion (Thumb)
Axis: MCP joint of thumb
Proximal Arm: 1st metacarpal
Moving Arm: proximal phalanx of thumb
ROM: 50-60 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
MCP Extension (Thumb)
Axis: MCP joint of thumb
Proximal Arm: 1st metacarpal
Moving Arm: Proximal phalanx of thumb
ROM: 0-5 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
IP Flexion (Thumb)
Axis: IP joint of thumb
Proximal Arm: Proximal phalanx of thumb
Moving Arm: Distal phalanx of thumb
ROM: 80-90 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
IP Extension (Thumb)
Axis: IP joint of thumb
Proximal Arm: Proximal phalanx of thumb
Moving Arm: Distal phalanx of thumb
ROM: 20-30 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Capital Flexion
Retraction (no measurement)
Capital Extension
Protraction (no measurement)
Cervical Flexion
(make sure to tuck in chin) (no measurement)
Cervical Extension
(no measurement)
Cervical Sidebending
(no measurement)
Cervical Rotation
(no measurement)
Trunk Flexion
(no measurement)
Trunk Extension
(no measurement)
Trunk Side-Bending
(no measurement) (have them follow hands down their sides)
Trunk Rotation
(no measurement)
Hip Flexion
Axis: Greater trochanter of femur
Proximal Arm: Bisecting trunk (assuming trunk is flat)
Moving Arm: Bisecting thigh and aiming for lateral epicondyle of knee
ROM: ~120 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Hip Extension
Axis: Greater trochanter of femur
Proximal Arm: Bisecting trunk (assuming trunk is flat)
Moving Arm: Bisecting thigh and aiming for lateral epicondyle of knee
ROM: ~20 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Hip Abduction
Axis: ASIS of the leg you are measuring
Proximal Arm: Aligned with contralateral ASIS (horizontal across hip)
Moving Arm: Center of femur, aiming for center of patella
ROM: ~40 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Hip Adduction
Axis: ASIS of leg you are measuring
Proximal Arm: Directly aligned with contralateral ASIS (horizontal across hip)
Moving Arm: Center of femur, aiming for center of patella
ROM: ~20 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Hip Internal Rotation
Axis: Center of patella
Proximal Arm: perpendicular to ground
Distal Arm: Center of lower leg, aiming for middle of the ankle (between malleoli)
ROM: ~35 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Hip External Rotation
Axis: Center of patella
Proximal Arm: Perpendicular to ground
Moving Arm: Center of lower leg; aiming for middle of ankle (between malleoli)
ROM: ~ 40-45 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Knee Flexion
Axis: Lateral femoral epicondyle
Proximal Arm: Greater trochanter
Moving Arm: Lateral malleolus
ROM: 130-150 degrees
End-Feel: Soft to Firm
Knee Extension
Axis: Lateral femoral epicondyle
Proximal Arm: Greater trochanter
Moving Arm: Lateral malleolus
ROM: 0-5 hyperextension
Notes - patient is supine with towel under the “bulk” of gastroc; heel should be off table; apply pressure proximal and distal to patella
Ankle Dorsiflexion
Axis: Lateral malleolus
Proximal Arm: Head of fibula
Moving Arm: Parallel to 5th metatarsal
ROM: 15-25 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Notes - legs are hanging off table (allowed to dangle); neutral position is 90 degrees
Ankle Plantarflexion
Axis: Lateral malleolus
Proximal Arm: Head of fibula
Moving Arm: Parallel to 5th metatarsal
ROM: 40-55 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Ankle Inversion
Axis: Talar dome between malleoli
Proximal Arm: Midline of the tibia
Moving Arm: 2nd metatarsal
ROM: 20-30 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Ankle Eversion
Axis: Talar dome between malleoli
Proximal Arm: Midline of the tibia
Moving Arm: 2nd metatarsal
ROM: 10-15 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Great Toe MTP Flexion/Extension
Axis: MTP Joint
Proximal Arm: 1st metatarsal
Moving Arm: Proximal phalanx
ROM:
Flexion: 30-40 degrees
Extension: 80-90 degrees
End-Feel: Firm
Note - ensure to apply any pressure at the proximal phalanx
Note 
Flashcard (69)