Module 5: Java Control Statements

Java Statement

• Statement – line of code ending with a semicolon (;)

• Simple Statement – basic building block of a program

• Compound Statement / Block – group of statements enclosed in { }

Control Structure

• Control Structure – changes the order of statement execution

• Decision Control – selects which code to execute

• Repetition Control – repeats code several times

• Types – if, if-else, if-else-if, switch

Understanding if Statements

• if Statement – executes code only if condition is true

• Boolean Expression – condition evaluated as true or false

• If Structure – determines action based on test value

• Syntax – if (condition) statement;

Complex Conditionals

if-else Statement

• if-else Statement – executes one block if true, another if false

• Boolean Expression – decides which block runs

• Syntax –

  if (condition)
      statement1;
  else
      statement2;
  

Nested if Statement

• Nested if – an if statement inside another if

• Used for – multiple levels of conditions

Switch, Case, and Break Statements

switch case Statement

• Switch Statement – multi-way branch with several choices

• Case – specific condition or value to test

• break Statement – ends a case block

• default Statement – runs when no case matches

Syntax Example:

switch (variable) {
  case 1: ... break;
  case 2: ... break;
  default: ...
}

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Summary Keywords:
if – condition true, else – otherwise, nested if – inside another if, switch – multiple choices, break – end case, default – fallback case