Motor Control - Abnormal Postural Control

what are the two tasks of postural control?

alignment and orientation

what does the body's alignment determine?

the moment strategy used to control COM over BOS

where is the COM in a person after a stroke?

typically over one foot

How does alignment and or orientation affect stability limits?

What are the consequences of poor alignment and orientation?

what are motor coordination problem examples?

sequencing, timely activation problems, inappropriate scaling, unable to adapt to changing environments

What muscles turn on with forward sway?

gastroc, hamstrings, then paraspinals

what muscles turn on with backward sway?

anterior tib, quads, then abs

what are some consequences in abnormal sequencing?

- decreased torque production

- large lateral shifts in COM

- excessive movement at hip and knee

what affect do AFOs have on ankle strategy?

decrease it

2 multiple choice options

how does a dynamic AFO affect ankle strategy?

it still decreases it but there is little room for ankle movement to stabilize stance

when is co activation commonly seen (specifically what population)?

in young children when they are learning a new task

3 multiple choice options

is co activation an efficient strategy?

no

when patients have stereotyped movements, what do they struggle with?

with adapting to changing environments or change in task (especially quickly)

impairments of adaption problems are due to what?

an impaired "central set"

what are the three keys of sensory input on postural control?

- availability of senses to detect the position of the body in space

- availability of accurate orientation and cues from the environment

- ability to correctly interpret and select sensory information for orientation

what is a sensory selection problem?

when one or more orientation cues inaccurately report the body's position in space

a patient that has sensory problems has a hard time processing the changes in the environment, when would this happen?

- when a patient loses a sense

- when a patient has a loss of sensory redundancy

- when a patient has decreases sensory weighting

how will a patient with loss of somatosensory input present?

- with changes in motor adaptation

- with earlier activation of anticipatory postural adjustments as a compensatory strategy

do all patients have the same perceptual problems?

no, it depends on the patients neurological condition or which sensory system is impaired

neurological pathology will affect attentional capacity, how will this specially show up in a patient?

- during dual task conditions

- will limit attentional capacity

- will affect stability

what should you keep in mind when giving instructions to neurological patient for dual tasks?

keep the instructions simple; they will be stuck on the first 1-2 sentences and then stop listening