12. Cell - Overview, Nucleus and Ribosomes squarecap

 You have isolated some organisms that are unicellular with cell wall containing peptidoglycan and have flagella without any membrane enclosure. Which group do these organisms belong to?

A)

Bacteria only

B)

Archaea only

C)

Eukarya only

D)

A and B are possible

E)

None of these

A)

Bacteria only

Which organisms will have linear chromosomes with histone proteins bound to their DNA?

A)

Bacteria only

B)

Archaea only

C)

Eukarya only

D)

A and B are possible

E)

None of these

C)

Eukarya only

Which of the following is the most rapidly reproducing organisms, based on their simplicity or complexity?

A)

Bacteria only

B)

Archaea only

C)

Eukarya only

D)

A and B are possible

E)

None of these

A)

Bacteria only

Bacteria being small and without any nucleus or other membrane bound organelles they replicate the most rapidly.

If the dimension of a cube shape cell is 1 µm, the ratio of cell surface area to volume would be _____ to 1.

6

If the dimension of a cube shape cell is 10 µm, the ratio of cell surface area to volume would be _____ to 1.

0.6

SA of a cube is 6a^2

How does a larger cell compensate for the reduced amount of surface area as the cell volume increases?

folding and compartmentalization via organelles

Tasmanian tigers are extinct because of hunting by humans but the close relative Tasmanian devils are still alive and thriving well.

If you were to use an adult cell’s nucleus with intact DNA from a Tasmanian tiger to replace the nucleus of a Tasmanian devil’s egg cell and make it produce to a new organism in a surrogate Tasmanian devils womb, what kind of organism will it make?

A)

Completely Tasmanian Tiger

B)

Completely Tasmanian Devil

C)

A hybrid with 50% of both organisms

D)

Mostly Tasmanian Tiger with the mitochondrial DNA from the T. Devil

E)

Mostly Tasmanian Devil with the mitochondrial DNA from T. Tiger

the mitochondrial DNA is maternally inherited as it will come with the egg cell.

How many different types of ribosomes are found in a plant cell?

Hint: consider the various locations of the plant genome (DNA).

3 types (cytoplasmic ribosomes, mitochondrial ribosomes, and chloroplast ribosomes.)

think of the organelles that can create their own dna and therefore their own proteins

Antibiotics such as Tetracyclin inhibit bacterial ribosomes by binidng to the 30S subunit but do not inhibit human ribosomes because ___________________________

A)

human ribosomes are made up of four subunits

B)

human ribosomes are smaller than bacterial ribosomes.

C)

human ribosomes contain only proteins and not any RNA

D)

bacterial ribsomes are weaker in general than human ribosomes

E)

bacterial ribsomes have rRNA and proteins that are different from human ribosomes.

E)

bacterial ribsomes have rRNA and proteins that are different from human ribosomes.

The protein and RNA sequences of bacterial ribosomes are significantly different from human ribosomes, resulting in different 3-D structures inhibited by such antibiotics.