ESCI 2: Exogenic and Endogenic Processes

means external or outside

exo

leave significant changes on the landscape and even sa ecosystem ng area; may kakayahan na magwipe out ng isang habitat pati mga organisms

exogenic processes

types of exogenic processes

1. weathering

disintegration/decomposition of rocks, soils, and minerals pag may contact sa subsystems ng earth; 2 types (physical and chemical)

weathering

2 types of weathering

physical weathering and chemical weathering

other term for physical weathering

mechanical weathering

“mechanical weathering”; reduces solid rock to fragments

physical weathering (prf, fw, a, rw)

pressure on the rock decreases causing the rock to expand and create a fracture

pressure release fracturing

water accumulates in a crack then freezes causing rock to wedge apart

frost wedging

rocks, sand grains, and silt collide w one another bc of currents/waves causing the rock to become rounded

abrasion

roots grow (sa crack ng rock) and expand causing rock to wedge apart

root wedging

air and water chemically react w rock to alter its composition and mineral content

chemical weathering

types of chemical weathering

1. dissolution

2. hydrolysis

3. oxidation

water comes into contact w rocks and dissolves the minerals that make up that rock into individual elements

dissolution

water reacts w one mineral to form new mineral that has water as part of its crystal structure

hydrolysis

oxygen reacts w other substances esp w iron thru rusting

oxidation

the surface of the earth gets worn down; fluid flow is the key to erosion

erosion

earth move downslope under the force of gravity

mass wasting

mass of earth falls on a downslope w/o water

debris flow

combined soil and water flow downslope

mudflow

slow downslope movement of loosely consolidated materials or rocks and soil layers

slumps

eroded particles suspended in water settle out of it under the effect of gravity

sedimentation

means internal

endo

caused by forces within the earth due to thermal energy of the mantle and crust; earthquakes, volcanic eruption, pagbuo ng mountains, etc

endogenic processes

types of endogenic processes

1. magmatism

2. volcanism

3. metamorphism

formation and movement of magma occur

magmatism

magma escapes from the earth thru volcanoes or cracks on the grounds

volcanism

processes by which rising temperature and pressure or changing chemical conditions transform rocks and minerals

metamorphism