LDSP 442 Final Exam Guide

7 types of bad leadership

1. Incompetent

2. Rigid

3. Intemperate

4. Callous

5. Insular

6. Corrupt

7. Evil

Types of followers

1. Bystanders

2. Evildoers

3. Acolytes

Hitlers Ghost

If we pretend bad leadership is unrelated to good leadership, it will dissect the field.

Altruism

The acts that are carried out voluntarily by individuals who have no concern for themselves or have no expectation of any kind of reward

Social Intuitionist Model

Moral decision making is the product of intuition, not reasoning

Created by Jonathan Haidt

Social norms shape our moral determinations

Kanuago and Mendonca-Hedonistic Paradox

1. Hedonistic egoism

2. Apathetic egoism

3. vindicative/self destructive egoism

4. Utilitarian/Mutual egoism

5. Genuine/Moral Altruism

Hedonistic Egoism

Helping self, harming others

Apathetic Egoism

Helping self, no concern for others

Vindictive/Self-Destructive Egoism

Harming yourself and others(take you down with me mindset)

Utilitarian/Mutual Egoism

Helping yourself and others

Genuine/Moral Altruism

Helping others at the expense of yourself

Pro Social Behavior

A broader category of helping behavior that does not stress personal motives, wheras altruism must involve some kind of clear self-sacrifice

Intentions

Dispositional intent to help others; sacrifice of own welfare; benefit to it without external reward

Actions

Behavior and its consequences without any reference to one’s dispositional intentions

Moral Courage

Egoistic

Bravery to stand up for YOUR principles, values, or ethics

Physical Courage

Altruistic

Bravery to face physical danger, harm, or death after to protect or saved OTHERS

Genetics in Altruism

Altruists have a larger amygdala

Psychopaths have a smaller amygdala

Types of Altruism

1. Nepotistic

2. Reciprocal

3. Group-Based

4. Moral Altruism

Nepotistic Altruism

Based on family. Typical between parents/children.

Reciprocal(Mutualism) Altruism

Give and take relationship (utilitarian/mutual egoism almost)

Group-Based Altruism

When one sacrifices himself for the good of the group

Moral Altruism

Uniquely human; entails sacrifice for others mediated via individuals justification system (justification hypothesis)

Ethical Egoism

A person should act mutually to improve his or her self-interest

Descriptive

Psychological

People do or can only act in their self interest

Psychological egoism

Normative

One ought to act only in his/her self-interest

Ethical egoism

Benevolence

Virtuous act

Well-being; kindness

Virtue of being disposed to act to benefit others

Beneficence

Core component of bioethics

Actions aimed at benefiting others

Exceptional beneficence; behavior linked to artisoletean ideas of moral excellence

The Ethic of Care

Carol Gilligan (1980s)

Feminist ethics developed by her

Focuses on emotions (Care and compassion should be considered moral)

Females vs Males in Ethical/Moral Dilemmas

If women are more emotional than men, and pay more attention to relationships rather than rules, this is not a sign of them being less ethical, but, rather of different values, that are equally valuable

Focuses on how men and women differ in ethical decision making by putting themselves in another’s shoes and acting on feelings of empathy

Jay Conger’s Three Stages of Charismatic Leadership

1. Leader understands environment

2. Goals/vision

3. Followers are aligned

Conger-Kaundo Model

1. Evaluate the current situation

2. Formulating goals

3. Developing methods to achieve goals

Klein Theory

Charisma is a product of three elements: spark, flammable fluid, and oxygen.

Spark: the leader

Flammable fluid: the followers

Oxygen: the environmental circumstances

Charisma is a fire that ignites followers energy, commitment, and performance

Toxic Leadership

Coined by Marcela Whicker in 2002. Popularized by Jean Lipman-Blumen.

Leadership theory that harms people

Disseminates their power through over control

Toxic followers

Susceptible followers(colliders and comforters)

They stay with the leader because of difficult barriers

Wait on someone else to stop the toxic leader

Dark Triad Behaviors

Narcissism

Machiavellian

Psychopathy

Lust for Power

Underlying issue is control

Leads to corruption

Relational (power over someone else)

Pathocracy

Government made of individuals with dark triad personalities