[Test21] Caries Process, Prevention and Management: Prevention

Which of the following is an example of primary prevention?

A. Use of fluoridated toothpaste.

B. Insulin therapy for Type II diabetes.

C. Screening for caries.

D. Screening for periodontal disease.

a

.

Which of the following is an example of secondary prevention?

A. Vaccinations for measles, mumps and rubella.

B. Using amalgam fillings for caries.

C. Screening for caries.

D. Bleaching teeth.

c

What is the goal of tertiary prevention?

A. Avoid the development of a disease or disability in healthy individuals.

B. Reduce the negative impact of an already-established disease by restoring function and reducing disease-related complications.

C. Focus on early disease detection, making it possible to prevent the worsening of the disease and the emergence of symptoms.

D. None of the above.

b

Which of the following is true about patient behavior?

A. Changing behavior can be difficult.

B. Patients will always make the best choices.

C. Education is guaranteed to help an individual make good choices.

D. All of the above.

a

Which of the following is not a motivating force when it comes to effecting change?

A. Having information from health professionals.

B. Increased awareness.

C. Possessing more knowledge about the cause of disease.

D. All of the above.

d

Which of the following factors could act as a barrier to change?

A. Attitudes influenced by ethnicity and culture.

B. Fear of medical settings.

C. Having insufficient money to pay for dental visits.

D. All of the above.

d

What types of communication problems might present a barrier to change?

A. Unclear communication from the dentist or hygienist.

B. Learning disabilities that hinder the understanding of instructions or advice.

C. Not being fluent in the language the dentist or hygienist speaks.

D. All of the above.

d

What are the Stages of Change according to Prochaska and Di Clemente?

A. Contemplation, preparation, decision-making, action, implementation.

B. Precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance.

C. Research, preparation, action, implementation, maintenance.

D. Resignation, contemplation, preparation, decision-making, implementation.

b

According to the stages of change modeled by Prochaska and Di Clemente, at what stage of change is a patient when they are unaware that their soda habit could be linked to caries?

A. Contemplation

B. Maintenance

C. Precontemplation

D. Action

c

According to the stages of change modeled by Prochaska and Di Clemente, at what stage of change is a patient when they first start to make small changes, such as get less soda from the office vending machine?

A. Action

B. Preparation

C. Precontemplation

D. Maintenance

b

At what state of change is the patient when he or she makes a statement like: “Could you tell me more about x-rays? What are the pros and cons?”

A. Contemplation

B. Preparation

C. Action

D. Precontemplation

a

At what stage of change is the patient when they make a statement like: “It’s been almost 6 months now that I’ve stopped drinking sodas and snacking on candy throughout the day.”?

A. Preparation

B. Action

C. Precontemplation

D. Maintenance

d

If a patient relapses (goes back to an unhealthy habit), which of the following is not an effective way to help them re-establish a healthy habit?

A. Continuing to offer information.

B. Reprimanding the patient.

C. Encouraging the patient to re-establish the healthy habit.

D. None of the above.

b

Which of the following is an example of a statement that is not effective at helping a patient set a health-promoting goal?

A. “Why not have your sweets only at mealtimes?”

B. “Try to stop snacking on candies throughout the day.”

C. “You usually drink about 6 sodas a day, and it’s caused you to get cavities that needed fillings. Why don’t you start by trying to bring this number down to two sodas a day?”

D. “You need to brush better.”

d

Why is a statement like “I can tell you how to stop this white-spot lesion from becoming a hole and causing the need for a new filling” effective at helping a patient set a health -promoting goal?

A. The possibility of a new filling scares the patient.

B. The patient will think a hole in the tooth is esthetically unpleasing.

C. It gives the patient a personally relevant reason for taking the health-promoting action.

D. None of the above.

c