upper and lower extremity nerves

Axillary Nerve

- Motor to deltoid and teres minor.

- Sensation from skin of lateral shoulder.

- Most noticeable weakness with damage: shoulder abduction and external rotation.

Musculocutaneous Nerve

- Motor to biceps brachii, coracobrachialis and brachialis.

- Sensory from skin of lateral forearm.

- Most noticeable weakness with damage: elbow flexion and supination.

Radial Nerve

- Motor to triceps, anconeus, brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor carpi ulnaris, supinator, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus and extensor indicis.

- Sensory from skin of posterior arm, forearm and hand.

- Most noticeable weakness with damage: extension of the elbow, wrist and fingers; supination.

Median Nerve

- Motor to pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus (1/2), pronator quadratus, thenar muscles, and 2 lumbricals.

- Sensory from skin of lateral palm, thumb, index finger, middle finger and ½ of ring finger.

- Most noticeable weakness with damage: flexion of the wrist and fingers; pronation.

Ulnar Nerve

- Motor to flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum profundus (1/2), hypothenar muscles, interossei and 2 lumbricals.

- Sensory from skin of medial palm, little finger and ½ of ring finger.

- Most noticeable weakness with damage: abduction and adduction of the fingers.

Femoral Nerve

- Motor to flexor iliopsoas and quadriceps femoris muscles.

- Sensory from skin of anterior thigh, medial leg.

- Most noticeable weakness with damage: flexion of the thigh (at the hip) and extension of the leg.

Obturator Nerve

- Motor to adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus and gracilis.

- Sensory from skin of superior-medial thigh.

- Most noticeable weakness with damage: adduction of the thigh (at the hip).

Sciatic Nerve

- tibial nerve and common fibular nerve joined by connective tissue.

- Compression of the sciatic nerve can result in pain down the back of the lower extremity called "sciatica."

Tibial Nerve

- Motor to long head of biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gastrocnemius, soleus, flexor hallucis longus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus and muscles of the foot.

- Sensory from skin of sole of the foot.

- Most noticeable weakness with damage: extension of the thigh (at the hip), flexion of the leg, plantarflexion of the foot and flexion of the toes.

Common Fibular (Peroneal) Nerve

- Motor to short head of biceps femoris - helps to flex the leg.

- Muscle weakness with loss of short head of biceps femoris may not be apparent.

Superficial Fibular (Peroneal) Nerve

- Motor to fibularis longus and brevis.

- Sensory from skin of dorsal foot except between first two toes.

- Most noticeable weakness with damage: eversion of the foot.

Deep Fibular (Peroneal) Nerve

- Motor to tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus and extensor hallucis longus.

- Sensory from skin of between first two toes.

- Most noticeable weakness with damage: dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot; extension of the toes.