Side Effects

Tetracyclines

Enamel hypoplasia, photosensitivity, tooth discoloration

Fluoroquinolones

Tendon damage / rupture, QT prolongation (inc risk of arrhythmias), inc risk of seizures, GI upset

Vancomycin

Red man/Vancomycin flushing syndrome, ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, thrombophlebitis, neutropenia

Cephalosporins

GI upset, antibiotic-associated colitis, inc risk seizures, hypersensitivity reactions

Macrolides

GI upset, QT prolongation, ototoxicity (hearing damage at high doses)

Trimethoprim

GI upset, skin rash, hyperkalemia, megoblastic anemia

Penicillins

Hypersensitivity reactions

Metronidazole

GI upset, hypersensitivity reactions, taste disturbances

Aminoglucosides

Ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity

Quinine

Tinnitus, deafness, cinchonism, hypoglycemia, blindness

Beta-blockers

Vivid dreams/nightmares, hypoglycemia, cold extremities, impotence

Warfarin, Heparin

Inc risk of bleeding

Calcium channel blockers

Constipation, ankle swelling, gum overgrowth, flushing, palpitations

Clopidogrel

Inc risk of bleeding, GI upset, thrombocytopenia

ACE inhibitors

Hyperkalemia, persistent dry cough, hypotension

Nitrates

Hypotension, flushing, headache, light-headedness

Corticosteroids

Weight gain, inc risk of infection, diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis

H1 receptor antagonists

Sedation, dizziness, GI upset

Beta-2 agonist

Tachycardia, palpitations, anxiety, tremor

Benzodiazepines

Drowsiness, sedation, risk of tolerance & dependence

Antipsychotic drugs

Extrapyramidal effects (movement disorders), sedation, weight gain, lipid abnormalities, inc risk of diabetes, QT interval prolongation, sexual dysfunction, agranulocytosis

Valproate

Gastrointestinal disturbances, tremor, behavioral disturbances, hair loss, pancreatitis, thrombocytopenia

Carbamazepine

GI upset, dizziness, ataxia, hyponatremia

SSRI antidepressants

GI upset, weight disturbances, inc risk of bleeding, serotonin syndrome, suicidal ideation, hyponatremia

Phenytoin

Gum overgrowth, nystagmus, hematological disorders, hypersensitivity reactions, skin coarsening, excessive hair growth

Z-drugs

Daytime sleepiness, rebound insomnia, confusion, GI disturbances, taste disturbances

PPIs

Hypomagnesemia (long-term use), headache, GI disturbances, Vitamin B12 defciency (long-term), fractures (elderly)

H2 receptor antagonists

Bowel disturbances, headache, dizziness

Laxatives

Abdominal pain/cramps, diarrhea, flatulence

Aspirin

Reye syndrome (children w/viral inf), tinnitus (high doses), bronchospasm, GI irritation, risk of bleeding

Opioid analgesics

Constipation, miosis, nausea, dizziness, respiratory depression

NSAIDs

Inc risk of bleeding, inc risk of CV events, hypersensitivity reactions, fluid retention

Spironolactone

Hyperkalemia, gynecomastia

Loop diuretics

Hypotension, hyperkalemia, dehydration, low electrolyte state, tinnitus, inc risk of gout

Statins

Headache, GI disturbances, muscle pain / myopathies, rhabdomyolysis, elevated liver enzymes, inc risk of diabetes

Sulfonylureas

GI upset, hypoglycemia

Metformin

Lactic acidosis,GI upset, weight loss, metallic taste

Thiazolidinediones

Inc risk of bladder cancer, edema, dizziness, headache, hypoglycemia, bone fractures, anemia

Insulin

Hypoglycemia

Levothyroxine

GI disturbances, palpitations, arrhythmias, tremor, insomnia

5-alpha reductase inhibitor

Impotence, reduces libido, gynecomastia

Estrogens / Progestogens

Irregular bleeding, mood disturbances, venous thromboembolism, inc risk of cervical and breast cancers

PDE5 inhibitors

Hypotension, headache, flushing, nasal congestion

Phenazopyridine

Orange urine

Nitrofurantoin

Brown urine, GI upset, hypersensitivity reactions, peripheral neuropathy

Bisphosphonates

Esophagitis, hypophosphatemia, osteocronosis of the jaw, atypical femoral fracture

Allopurinol

Skin rash

Prostaglandin eye drops

Blurred vision, conjunctival reddening, permanent eye color change

Oxygen

Discomfort from mask use, dry throat

Methotrexate

Mouth ulcers, bone marrow suppression, pulmonary fibrosis