Posterior Deep Compartment of Leg

popliteus

popliteus

popliteus proximal attachment

lateral femoral condyle

popliteus distal attachment

posterior tibia proximal to soleal line

popliteus action

Internally rotates tibia and, in doing so, "unlocks" fully extended knee to initiate flexion

popliteus innervation

Tibial nerve (L4, L5, S1)

tibialis posterior

tibialis posterior

tibialis posterior proximal attachments

Tibial head:

- Posterior tibia, distal to the soleal line (plus IO membrane)

Lateral head:

- Proximal ⅔ of medial posterior surface of fibula

tibialis posterior distal attachments

- Tuberosity of the navicular bone

- Inferior sustentaculum tali

- Medial and intermediate cuneiform bones

- Bases of 2nd-4th MTs

tibialis posterior action

Plantarflexes ankle and inverts foot (principle inverter)

tibialis posterior innervation

Tibial nerve (L4, L5)

flexor digitorum longus

flexor digitorum longus

flexor digitorum longus proximal attachment

Posterior surface of tibia, medial to attachment of tibialis posterior

flexor digitorum longus distal attachment

Distal phalanges of digits 2-5 on plantar side of foot

flexor digitorum longus action

plantarflexes ankle and flexes phalanges

flexor digitorum longus innervation

Tibial nerve (L5, S1, S2)

flexor hallucis longus

flexor hallucis longus

flexor hallucis longus proximal surface

Distal ⅔ of posterior surface of fibula

flexor hallucis longus distal attachment

distal phalanx of great toe on plantar side of foot

flexor hallucis longus action

plantarflexes ankle and flexes great toe

flexor hallucis longus innervation

Tibial nerve (L5, S1, S2)

shin splints

acute pain in the shin and lower leg caused by repetitive pulling of the tibialis posterior tendon as one pushes off the foot during running