HS 200 Exam 2 Bryce Lane

Technical term that describes a plant's ability to withstand a severe low temperature on any given winter night or day.

Temperate Plant Hardiness

What do you call the date beyond which the chance of frost greatly increases?

Last frost free date

Deciduous trees

Lose all their leaves every fall

Herbaceous plants are primarily made up of

Soft, tender and succulent tissue

A biennial

grows vegetatively the first year and then grows reproductively the second year

What does the story of "Bill Lane and the Hemlocks" teach us?

The importance of researching how a plant actually grows in nature rather than how it is presented in the nursery

Bamboo, Snake Plant, Ginger, Solomon's Seal, and 'Evita' Gloxinia are five kinds of plants that produce modified underground stems called:

Rhizomes

Other than storage, a major function of leaves is

Food production

An Irish (white) potato is a plant that produces a modified secondary root called a

Irish potatoes are not roots, they are modified stems called tubers

The number one absorbing organ in the plant is the

root

A plant organ that arises from an abnormal place is called

adventitious

Are all tap roots primary roots?

yes

A sweet potato is a modified root called a

tuberous root

Why is the term "Seed Potato" a misleading term for gardeners?

they are not real seeds, but tubers used to grow new potatoes vegetatively

What do stems have that roots do not?

nodes and internodes

Other than storage, transportation, and support, a fourth function of stems is

food production

Some of the leaves of my evergreen boxwood are turning brown and falling off. I am concerned that they might have a disease or insect problem. The leaves on the outside of the plant are the ones turning brown. What's up with that?

there is a serious problem, have it checked out

What do you call plants that have 100% aerial roots that live on other plants?

epiphytes

What is the current USDA hardiness zone rating for Raleigh NC?

7

The plants that are made up of predominately hard permanent tissue are referred to as

woody plants

What is the first root to emerge from a stem cutting?

adventitious

If you met a plant anatomist at a party, what would be the first thing they would ask you?

"Where are you from?"

Strawberries and spider plants and some turf grass species are kinds of plants that produce above-ground, modified prostrate stems called

stolons

What types of plants will tolerate short periods of freezing, and slightly below for only a few hours before being damaged?

Sub-tropical

When is the "FFFD" in Raleigh NC?

April 15

A classic example of a sub-tropical plant is

orange

What is the term to describe a root emerging from a secondary root

secondary

Most conifers have

needle like, awl like or scale like leaves

Mature evergreens retain each year's set of leaves for how long?

3-5 years

What types of plants die completely by the winter in Raleigh NC?

Tropical annuals

What types of plants will tolerate long periods of freezing and below during the Winter?

Temperate

Term to describe conditions in leaves that are faded and yellow

chlorosis

The term used to describe when the plant moves material from one place to another through the xylem and phloem

translocation

Which substance(s) is/are absorbed by the root via osmosis?

water

What is the most agreed upon theory for nutrient uptake by plant's roots called?

Carrier Molecule Theory

Why is photosynthesis considered the most important process on earth?

because of the food that only plants can produce sustains life as we know it

How is water absorption in plants different from nutrient absorption?

nutrient absorption is an active process and water absorption is a passive process

If you found out that your friend had just over-fertilized their shrubs what would you tell them to do to avoid fertilizer burn?

water a lot around each shrub to dilute the high solute concentration and leach the salts

The substrate (cookie sheet) of the chemical reaction called photosynthesis is/are

chloroplasts

The "ingredients" of photosynthesis are

carbon dioxide and water

What percentage of the dry weight of a plant comes from photosynthesis (sugars) and what percentage comes from the soil (nutrition)?

96% from photosynthesis, 4% from the soil

The products of photosynthesis are

sugar and oxygen

complex sugars, such as starch, cellulose, and alcohol, all are made from the basic plant produced sugar called

glucose

What is the name of the landscape element where you plant trees in a row (typically the same species) on both sides of a road or pathway?

alee

If the recommendation on a plant label says place in "full sun" what does that mean?

plant the plant in a location that receives 6+ hours of direct sunlight

According to the principles of osmosis, water always moves from

an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration

During translocation in plants which direction does water & nutrition move?

upward

origin of the ornamental sweet potato

NC State University

I have a plant in my garden that wasn't there last year. I didn't plant it and it just showed up, first as a seedling and now as a full plant. What is the technical term to describe it?

volunteer

How do herbaceous perennials survive the winter in temperate regions of the world?

as a root system in the ground

Herbaceous perennial vegetable that is harvested in early spring and best prepared by being steamed standing up

asparagus

Primary nutrient that makes up the chlorophyll molecule

nitrogen

Cultivars with variegated, or multicolored leaves typically need higher, or lower light intensities than their straight species counterparts?

higher

where does the actual chemical process of photosynthesis specifically occur in a plant?

chloroplasts

What is the name of the molecule that is dynamic, sensitive to light, stimulated by light, and needs to be produced regularly?

chlorophyll

How many stomata are usually found on the undersides of leaves?

thousand per square centimeter

Besides maintaining turgidity and transporting nutrients another function of transpiration in plants is

allowing carbon dioxide to enter the leaf

Stomata are responsible for

regulating gas exchange (transpiration and carbon dioxide absorption)

What percent of water absorbed by the plant is used in transpiration?

99%

The plant growth process called respiration produces

Carbon dioxide, water, and chemical energy (atp)

The primary factor in regulating the rate of respiration is

temperature

The key to insuring both vegetative and reproductive growth in plants is

provide sufficient light intensity

white asparagus is

nothing but green asparagus that has been blanced by preventing light from shining on the emerging spears

Best conditions to plant annual bedding plants in your garden in the springtime

Overcast, cool (60's-70 degrees), and humid