important islamic terms

qur’an

book of allah

hadith

words and actions of muhammad

qiyas

analogical reasoning

ijma

a consensus of imams about an issue

imam

community/school of thought leader

tayyaumum

ritual of performing the ablution with fine dust/sand

hijab

headwear/veil

fiqh

deep understanding (islamic jurisprudence) - making rulings and judgements from evidence found in the shariah + from ijmas

iman

faith dimension (belief)

islam

devotional practice/ divine law (practice)

ihsan

spiritual excellence dimension (ethics and moral character)

tawhid

oneness of god

taqwa

god-consciousness

ibadah

muslim’s reason for existence is to worship allah

fitra

innate inclination of the tawhid

shariah law

the moral and legal code of islam (based on the sources of Islamic law)

jurisprudence

the scholarly interpretation and human understanding of shariah law

5 basic human rights

life, property, human mind, belief and religion, family and lineage

islamic jurisprudence

how new laws are made today about certain things

sources of islamic jurisprudence

qur’an, sunnah, ijma, qiyas

jihad

inner struggle

fatwa

an islamic ruling within each school of thought

madhab

school of islamic jurisprudence/school of thought

mufti

muslim legal expert who can give rulings on religious matters (a religious scholar who can make a fatwa)

halal

permissible (what you can do)

haram

forbidden/prohibited

4 major schools of sunni jurisprudence

hanafi, shafi, maliki, hanbali

shi’ite schools of thought

ja’fari

ayat

signs

khalifa

stewardship

akhira

accountability

mizaan

balance

amanah

trust

sacramental earth

steward

nafs

egos/desires

iktisad

being economical + spending how much is necessary (opposite of wastefulness ie nafs)

funeral

janazah

ritual

the practical expression of a muslim’s desire to display their devotion to God and achieve God’s pleasure and acceptance

ibada

worship

ghusul

washing and preparing the deceased

kaffan

shrouding the decreased

al salat janazah

the funeral prayer

al daffin

burial procedure

3 main themes in ya sin

tawhid, rusul, alkahira

ya sin

the chapter that celebrates the prophetic mission of muhammad and ends with a declaration of the resurrection of the dead

umma

community

fard kifaya

collective duty

how many cloths are men shrouded in

3: gamis (shirt from neck to feet), izar (inner wrapping from head to feet), lifafah (outer wrppaing extending beyond both ends of the body)

how many cloths are women shrouded in?

5 (2 more than men): orni (veil to cover head and face0, sinaband (cloth to cover chest)

4 conditions for prayer to be valid

deceased must be a muslim, washed, placed in from of the imam who leads the prayer and at least most of the body should be present

where can the prayer not occur

the mosque

takbir

term for the islami phrase allahu akbar

how many takbirs are performed

4 (sunni), 5 (shi’ite)

3 things that muhammad noted that continues after death

charity, knowledge, a righteous child

shahada

proclamation of faith

malaika

angels

kutubullah

revelation

rusul

prophethood

al-akhira

resurrection and day of judgement

al-qadr

fate and predestination