NSG 300 Exam 3 Flashcards

300

How will you teach your patient to use the pursed-lip breathing technique?

Instruct the patient to take a deep breath and exhale slowly through pursed lips as if you are blowing out a candle.

What is Ventilation?

The movement of air in and out of your lungs (Inhalation & Exhalation).

What is the process of oxygenation?

Ventilation, Perfusion, & Diffusion

What is Diffusion?

When substances move across the concentration gradients from areas of HIGH concentration to LOWER concentration (gas exchange). In Alveoli, it is when oxygen enters the bloodstream, and carbon dioxide leaves the bloodstream.

What is Perfusion?

The body supplies oxygenated blood to the cells. The process of delivering blood to tissues and organs, providing them with oxygen and nutrients while removing waste products.

In the pulmonary system, where does gas exchange take place?

Alveoli

Signs of NORMAL Respiratory Presentation

RR 12-20 BPM, clear lung sounds upon auscultation, unlabored breathing.

Signs of ABNORMAL Respiratory Presentation

RR above or below 12-20 BPM, labored breathing, wheezing, nasal flaring, body position (hunched over), use of accessory muscles to get more air (shoulders), Circamoral Cyanosis (blueish tint, specifically around the mouth), Cyanosis of the nail beds.

What is HYPOventilation? What are some causes?

Slow, shallow breathing. The body is retaining CO2 due to the inadequate alveolar ventilation to meet the bodys requirements. Some causes are COPD, emphysema, drug overdose, & anesthesia. It can cause respiratory acidosis.

What is HYPERventilation? What are some causes?

Fast, deep breathing. The lungs are removing carbon dioxide faster than it is produced by cellular metabolism. Some causes are anxiety, fear, pain, fever, and certain medications.

What is Hypoxia? What are some causes? What are some symptoms?

Inadequate tissue oxygenation at the cellular level. Some causes include living at a high altitude, heart failure, shock. Some symptoms include; restlessness, headache, confusion, tachycardia, tachypnea, anxiety, dyspnea. SEVERE hypoxia symptoms include bradycardia, extreme restlessness, and cyanosis.