2.2H Formal Charges

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Chemistry

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What are Formal Charges? What are they assigned to? What happens in covalent bonds?

  • electron book-keeping

  • assigned to specific atoms in a molecule (especially to atoms with an abnormal number of bonds

  • in covalent bonds: each atom donates an electron to the bond. So each atom “owns” one electron in the bond

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<p>Methane has what formal charge?</p>

Methane has what formal charge?

no formal charge

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What are the rules for formal charges?

  • As many formal charges as possible in a molecule should be zero

  • •A negative formal charge should be on the most electronegative atom

  • If there is a charge on a polyatomic ion, the sum of the formal charges should equal the charge of the ion

<ul><li><p>As many formal charges as possible in a molecule should be zero</p></li><li><p>•A negative formal charge should be on the most electronegative atom</p></li><li><p> If there is a charge on a polyatomic ion, the sum of the formal charges should equal the charge of the ion</p></li></ul>
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