Environmental Hazards and Human Health

Flashcards covering key terms and concepts related to environmental hazards and their impact on human health.

Environmental Hazards

Substances or conditions that cause harm via exposure, including chemical, biological, physical, and cultural hazards.

Chemical Hazards

Toxic substances that can cause harm to human health, such as lead and mercury.

Lead Exposure

Exposure to lead, a neurotoxic metal that causes developmental delays and reduced IQ, particularly in children.

Flint Crisis

A water crisis in Flint, Michigan where corrosive water leached lead from pipes, leading to widespread lead poisoning.

Mercury Exposure

Exposure to mercury, which can lead to neurological disorders and bioaccumulates in the food chain.

Biomagnification

The process by which the concentration of toxic substances increases in organisms at higher levels in the food chain.

Carcinogens

Substances that cause DNA mutations leading to uncontrolled cell growth and cancer.

Endocrine Disruptors

Chemicals that mimic or block hormones, disrupting the endocrine system and potentially leading to various health issues.

Pathogens

Disease-causing microorganisms, such as bacteria and parasites, that can be transmitted through water or vectors.

Physical Hazards

Natural disasters or environmental factors, such as radiation, that can pose risks to human health.

Cultural Hazards

Lifestyle choices or societal issues that increase risk of health problems, such as smoking or poor diet.

Pollution

The presence of harmful substances in the environment, affecting air, water, and soil quality.

Clean Air Act

A U.S. law aimed at reducing air pollution and protecting public health by regulating emissions.

Safe Drinking Water Act

Legislation that establishes safety limits for contaminants in drinking water to protect public health.