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Anatomy is defined as the __________ and organisation of living organisms.
structure
__________ anatomy refers to structures that can be seen with the naked eye, such as muscles and bones.
Gross
The term '__________' refers to the study of cells.
Cytology
The __________ plane divides the body into left and right portions.
Sagittal
The __________ system includes the heart, blood vessels, and is responsible for pumping blood.
Cardiovascular
The function of the ________ system is to defend against pathogens and remove toxins.
Lymphatic
__________ muscles facilitate movement and are under voluntary control.
Skeletal
__________ refers to body structures that work together to perform specific functions.
Organ system
The __________ system is involved in gas exchange and helps regulate blood pH.
Respiratory
A __________ muscle is a muscle that flexes, such as the flexor carpi.
Flexor
What is physiology?
The study of how living organisms function.
What is homeostasis?
The ability to maintain stable internal conditions despite external changes.
What is an organ?
A group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function.
What is the role of the nervous system?
To coordinate and control body activities through electrical signals.
What is the integumentary system?
The system that includes skin, hair, and nails, protecting the body.
What is the primary function of the digestive system?
To break down food and absorb nutrients.
What is the function of the endocrine system?
To secrete hormones that regulate various body functions.
What are ligaments?
Connective tissues that connect bones to other bones.
What is the role of cartilage?
To provide cushioning and support at joints.
What is an artery?
A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.
What is a vein?
A blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart.
What is diffusion?
The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration.
What is osmosis?
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
What is cellular respiration?
The process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy.
What role do enzymes play in the body?
They act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions.
What is the integumentary system composed of?
Skin, hair, nails, and associated glands.
What are the major functions of the liver?
Detoxification, protein synthesis, and production of biochemicals necessary for digestion.
What is the purpose of the immune system?
To protect the body against pathogens and foreign invaders.
What is the function of red blood cells?
To transport oxygen throughout the body.
What does the term 'metabolism' refer to?
The sum of all chemical processes that occur in the body.
What is the role of the kidneys?
To filter blood and produce urine.
What is the main function of muscles?
To facilitate movement of the body.
What is the skeletal system?
The framework of bones that supports and protects the body.
What are the main components of blood?
Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma.
What is the function of adipose tissue?
To store energy in the form of fat and provide insulation.
What is the role of the pancreas?
To produce digestive enzymes and regulate blood sugar levels.
What is physiology?
The study of the functions and processes of living organisms.
What does homeostasis refer to?
The ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment.
What organ is primarily responsible for detoxifying the blood?
The liver.
The __________ is the body's largest organ.
Skin.
What is the primary function of red blood cells?
To transport oxygen throughout the body.
What part of the brain is responsible for regulating heart rate?
The medulla oblongata.
The __________ system is responsible for hormone production.
Endocrine.
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
To facilitate gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide).
What are antibodies?
Proteins produced by the immune system to neutralize pathogens.
The __________ is a muscular organ that aids in digestion.
Stomach.
What type of joint allows for the most movement?
Ball-and-socket joint.
What is the main function of the kidneys?
To filter blood and produce urine.
What is the basic unit of life?
Cell.
The __________ system includes glands that secrete hormones.
Endocrine.
What is the primary role of the skeletal system?
To provide support and protection for the body.
What type of tissue connects muscles to bones?
Tendons.
The __________ is responsible for the movement of food through the digestive tract.
Esophagus.
What is the primary function of the nervous system?
To transmit signals between different parts of the body.
What are the two main types of cells in the nervous system?
Neurons and glial cells.
What is the function of platelets in the blood?
To aid in blood clotting.
The __________ system is responsible for the exchange of nutrients and waste between blood and tissues.
Circulatory.
What is the specialized region of DNA where genes are located called?
Chromosome.
What organ plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels?
Pancreas.
The __________ system is involved in reproductive processes.
Reproductive.
What structure in the respiratory system helps to humidify and filter air?
Nasal cavity.
The __________ is the innermost layer of the heart.
Endocardium.
What is the role of villi in the small intestine?
To increase surface area for absorption of nutrients.
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