Anatomy and Physiology Chp 1

What is Anatomy?

The study of the structure (morphology) of the body and its parts (form and organization)

What is Physiology?

The study of the functions of the parts of the body and how they work and interact.

What is Homeostasis?

Maintenance of a stable internal environment.

What are the levels of organization?

Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ systems, Organisms

What is Tissue?

Groups of cells that function together.

What are Organs?

Groups of tissues that preform specialized functions.

What is the Sagittal Plane?

Longitudinal section that divides the body into right and left portions.

What is Metabolism?

Also known as nutrient cycling, the sum of all chemical reactions going on in the cells of an organism as it ingests food, breaks down and synthesizes chemicals, and removes wastes:

What are the Components of Homeostatic Mechanisms

Receptors, set point, and effectors

What is Positive Feedback?

A mechanism by which a deviation in a variable from its set point moves conditions farther away from the normal range.

What is Visceral?

Covers each internal organ.

What is Pleural?

Line the thoracic cavity; the parietal pleura lines the inner wall of thoracic cavity, while the visceral pleura covers the lungs; a thin layer of serous fluid separates the two layers; potential space between layers is pleural cavity.

What is Parietal?

Lines the wall of the cavity.

What is Pericardial?

Surround heart; the parietal pericardium is the outer layer, and the visceral pericardium covers the heart; serous fluid separates the two layers; potential space between layers is pericardial.

What is Peritoneal?

Line the abdominopelvic cavity; the parietal peritoneum lines the wall, while the visceral peritoneum covers each of the organs; potential space between layers is the peritoneal cavity.

What is Negative Feedback?

A deviation in a variable from its set point. When receptors detect that a variable has deviated from its set point, effectors return conditions toward normal.

What is the Axial Skeleton?

Head, neck, and trunk

What is the Diaphragm?

A broad thin muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.

What is the Organ System?

Groups of organisms that function together.

Study the Organ System

What are the Characteristics of Life?

Growth, Reproduction, Responsiveness, Movement