Neurological Disorders

These flashcards cover key concepts, terms, and definitions related to neurological disorders as outlined in the lecture notes.

Anatomy and Physiology of the Nervous Systems

The study of the structure and function of the nervous systems.

Neurological Deficit

Signs that indicate impaired function of the nervous system.

Selective Atrophy

Progressive loss of tissue in a specific or targeted area of the body.

Battle's Sign

Bruising over the mastoid process indicating a basilar skull fracture.

Anisocoria

Condition where pupils of the eyes are different sizes.

Nystagmus

Involuntary rhythmic repetitive movements of the eyes.

Ischemic Stroke

A type of stroke caused by lack of oxygen to the brain, often due to blockage.

Hemorrhagic Stroke

A type of stroke resulting from a rupture of a blood vessel in the brain.

Guillain-Barré Syndrome

An autoimmune syndrome causing damage to the myelin sheath surrounding nerves.

Multiple Sclerosis

A neurodegenerative disease characterized by the gradual destruction of myelin in the CNS.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

A progressive neurological disease affecting motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness.

Bell's Palsy

A condition affecting the facial nerve causing unilateral or bilateral facial weakness.

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

Overactivity of the sympathetic nervous system often following a nerve injury.

Seizure Disorder

A condition characterized by abnormal discharges of electrical activity in the brain.

What are the stages of a seizure?

The stages typically include the prodromal phase (pre-seizure symptoms like aura), the ictal phase (the seizure itself), and the post-ictal phase (the period of recovery after the seizure).

What is the correct position for someone experiencing a seizure?

The correct position involves laying the person on their side to prevent choking on saliva or vomit, clearing the area of any objects that could cause injury, and cushioning their head. Do not restrain the person or put anything in their mouth.

Vertigo

A sensation of instability or loss of equilibrium, often caused by inner ear disturbances.